Norwegian - English Dictionary
This list contains Norwegian words with their English translations.
The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources.
If the word you are looking for is not on this list,
please consult a Norwegian - English dictionary. (See "Additional Resources" section below.)
Norwegian is a Germanic language like Swedish, Danish, and Icelandic.
There are two official dialects in Norway.
Prior to 1915 most Norwegian records are in a language closer to written
danish than modern Norwegian.
You may also want to refer to the Danish Genealogical Word List (Series LANG -DAN, 1).
Records published after 1915, such as family and local histories, are in modern Norwegian.
Most differences between modern and old Norwegian are simply a matter of spelling.
Carefully study the section below on spelling This will help you find words on this list.
Varient Forms of Words
In Norwegian, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they
are used in a sentence.
Who---whose---whom or marry---marrries---married are examples in English with varient forms.
The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example:
Mann - man Kone - wife
Mannen - the man Kona - the wife
Menn - men Koner - wives
Mennene - the men Konene - the wives
Alphabetical Order
The Norwegian dictionaary has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø) and Å (å).
In most record sources prior to 1915,
Å is written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet.
Modern Norwegian dictionaries, indexes,
the locality section of the Family History Library Catalogue,
and this word list use the following alphabetical order:
Spelling
aa used for å j used for gj f used for v w used for v
b used for p ld used for ll g used for k x used for ks
c used for k nd used for nn i used for j ch used for k
d used for t q used for k tj used for kj hj used for j
e used for æ ae used for æ oe used for ø u used for v
Examples:
gjorler spelled as giørler
mann spelled as mand
kvinne spelled as quinde
The ASCII character map for the Norwegian characters
enables you to write whatever characters you like even if you don't have them on the keyboard.
Æ alt-0198
æ alt-0230
Ø alt-0216
ø alt-0248
Å alt-0197
å alt-0229
° alt-0176 (degree symbol)
Ä alt-0196 alt-0188 = ¼ alt-0189 = ½ alt-0190 = ¾
ä alt-0228 alt-0185 = ¹ alt-0178 = ² alt-0179 = ³
Ë alt-0203
ë alt-0235 alt-0174 = ® alt-0169 = © alt-0186 = º
Ö alt-0214
ö alt-0246 alt-0163 = £
Ü alt-0220 alt-0177 = ± alt-0167 = §
ü alt-0252 alt-0233 = é alt-0201 = É alt-0224 = à
(Hold down the ALT button and at the same time type the four digit number)
Se also Accessing Special Characters
to have more information of all characters.
Windows - Alt Key Numeric Codes
Additional Resources
This word list includes words only most commonly found in genealogical sources.
For further help, use a Nowegian-English Dictionary.
Several Norwegian-English Dictionaries are available at the Family History Library.
These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.82321.
Family history centers can obtain the following dictionaries on microfilm:
Scavenius, H. Gyldendals Ordbøker; Norsk-Engelsk
[Glydendal's Dictionaries; Nowegian-English] Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945.
(FHL film 1,224,705, item 4).
Scavenius, H Gyldendals Ordbøker; Engelsk-Norsk.
[Glydendal's Dictionaries; English-Norwegian] Oslo: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945.
(FHL film 1,224,705, item 3).
W . Kirkeby, Kunnskapsforlaget (Ashehoug - Gyldendal) Norsk - engelsk (blå ordbok)
1993, ISBN 82-573-0301-1
(580 pages, 52.000 words)
Berlitz
Engelsk-Norsk
Norwegian-English
ISBN 0-02-964560-3
Published by McMillan Publishing Co.
(300 pages, 15.000 words)
Norwegian English Dictionary
by Einar Haugen
ISBN 0-299-03874-2
Published by The University of Wisconsin Press
(520 pagers, 60.000 words)
Additional dictionaries are listed in the subject section of the
Family History Library Catalog under NORWEGIAN LANGUAGE DICTIONARIES or in
the locality section under NORWAY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES
A helpful guide for reading Scandinavian language genealogical records is:
Scandinavian Records Extraction, An Instrluctional Guide
(Salt Lake City, Utah: The Church of Latter Day Saints, [1988].
In addition to a glossary of names and genealogical word,
this guide includes instructions in reading the handwriting.
Residents of the United States and Canada can order this guide (stock # PEGS0023) from
the Salt Lake Distribution Center, 1999 West 1700 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84104.
Addresses of distribution centers in other countries are available from the same address.
ON THE NET
Learning Norwegian on WWW
Since people are involved in learning the Norwegian languge
Bokmåls- og Nynorsk-ordbok
Tolken99
A multi-language translation program, shareware, USD15.
It translates Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, French, German, English and Spanish.
It converts any of these to any of the others
This is a preliminary list of Norwegian words for family relations
Getting into the Norwegian census 1865
Norwegian Naming Practices
About the Norwegian languages
Language resource Norwegian on the Internet
The Norwegian class on the Net - Norwegian Pronunciation
On-line dictionary that has about 6500 words back and forth between Norsk & Engelisk.
Census abbreviations used in the on-line 1865-1900 census records
Norwegian Census Records (John Føllesdal)
Norwegian kirkebøker - parish registers (John Føllesdal)
SweGGate - Knowledge center (Swedish)
Archaic Medical Terms
AllChars works on Windows 95, 98, ME, NT 4, 2000 and XP (and there is an old 16-bit version)
Ordliste (only in Norwegian of Old Words)
KEY WORDS
In order to find and use specific types of Norwegian records,
you will need to know some key words in Norwegian.
This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Norwegian words with
the same or similar meanings.
ENGLISH NORWEGIAN ENGLISH NORWEGIAN
banns lysinger death døde, død
birth fødte, født engagement forlovelse, trolovelse
burial begravelse, jordet father far
census folketelling female kvinnekjønn
child barn husband ektemann
christening døbte, døbt index register
clerical district prestegjeld male mandkjønn
confirmation konfirmasjon, marriage copulerede, egteviede
konfermerede gift, vielse
ENGLISH NORWEGIAN ENGLISH NORWEGIAN
military militær parents foreldre
mother mor parish sogn
moving in innflytning probate skifte
moving out utflytning vaccination vacccinerede,
name, given fornavn wife hustru
name, surname etternvn year år
GENERAL WORDS
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources.
Numbers, months and days of the week are listed both here and in sections
that follows this list.
Parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
A__________
A/S abbr. for "aksjeselskap" = share company
aar (see "år")
aarlig (see "årlig")
aandelig takkalter spiritual altar of thankffulnes
aanne (see "onne")
aasæde (see "åsete")
absolvere to give absolution (religious)
absolverte absolution
adel nobility
adelig noble
adelsmann nobleman
adjunkt secondary school teacher
adkomst (see "tilgang")
adkomstbreve letters of admission
adlet to be raised to the nobility
adoptere to be adopted
adoptert adopted
adresse address
adtschilligt (see "atskillig")
advare to coution
advokat lawyer, solicitor, attorney
aegtefaelle (see "ektefelle")
aegteskab (see "ekteskap")
aetten (see "ætten")
af of, by, at, from (archaic)
afdøde (see "avdøde")
aften evening
afgange (see "avgang") (archaic)
afgaaende (see "avgående")
afgaar (see "avgår")
afsked (see "avskjed")
agent sales agengen, sales representative for a company
agentur sales agency
agerland (see "åkerland")
agronom graduate of an agricultural college
akantusskurd literally "acanthus converted timber", but probaly means
"acanthus carving" in this case. Tis is a kind of (imitated)
decorative carved motifs used in classical Greek and Roman architecture.
aksjonærar shareholders
ald. abbr. for "alder"
alder age
alderdom old age
alderdomssvakhet weakness of old age
aldri never
alfarvei road open for public
alle all
alle i faderens brød all in the father's bread"; which simply means that all are supported by the Father
alle til hobe both of them togehter, all of them, the whole lot
alltid always
allmenning common, common el. commonable land
(see also "almenning")
can also be a street. ref in Bergen e.g. Torgallmenningen
almenning forest og grazing land that several farms have the right to access and use
The land may be public or privately owned
(see also "allmenning")
almisse charity or alms
almisselem indigent, poor, charity recipient
person who receiving charity
almueskolen public school
altså consequently, therefore, accordingly
alter alter
altergang communion
alvorlig sirious
amanuens assistant
ambulansesjåfør ambulance driver
amme to nurse
amt administrative district / county (archaic)
since 1918 the word "fylke" has been used
(see "fylke")
amtkommunens county's
amtingenieurposten county engineer position
amtmann chief county administrator (archaic)
county governor
(see "fylkesmann")
amtsforvalter District Revenue Officer
amtskole county school
anden (see "andre") (archaic)
andregutten the other (second) boy = andre gutten
anciennitet senioprity
ane ancestor
andre others, other, next
second
anetavle pedigree chart
anfall seizure, attack
anføre record
anførte entered, mentioned
ankomst arrival
anledning cause, reason
anleggsarbeidar (see " anleggsarbeider)
anleggsarbeider working on foundation
anlægger constructs
anmaerkning og kundskap notes about knowlegde
andmeldt notified
anmelderens navn reporter's name
anmerkning remark, notice, note
annen gang second time
annen, annet second, another
annet (also ymse) misc.
anlegg construction, plant, set-up
anno (Latin) year
annonsere publish, announce
ansat (se "ansatt")
ansatt ved employed by
anse consider
ansett of (high) standing, well thought of, repectable
ansette appoint, engage
ansikt face
ansjos anchovy
anskaffe get, obtain
anslag estimate, valuation
ansvar responsibility
antall number, count
antfam number in family (abbr used in several sources)
AOF (Arbeidernes Opplysningsforbund) = League for Workers Education
AP (Arbeiderpartiet) = Laybor party
apostelgods land that originally belonged to the Apostel church in Bergen
and leased out to farmers
apostelgogset (see "apostelgods")
apotek pharmacy
apoteker pharmacist
april April
arb abbr for "arbeider"
arbeidar (see "arbeider")
arbeide to work
arbeider laborer, worker
arbeiderkone worker's wife
arbejdskarl (see "arbeidskar")
arbeidskar (see "arbeidsmann")
arbeidsleder supervisor
arbeidsmand (see "arbeidsmann")
arbeidsmann male worker or laborer
arbeidsterapeut occupational therapist
arkiv archive
arkivinformasjon archive information
arkitekt architect
arm poor
arm
armod povertry
Arrestant
amthuusgaarden prisoner in the county jail
artelerist Soldier
arv inheritance
arveavgift inheritance tax
arvegods hereditary estate, heirloom
arvejord inherited land
arvelodd share of inheritance
arveløs disinherited, without right of inheritance
arvesak probate proceeding
arveskatt inheritance tax
arveskifte distribution of probate estate
arvestykke heirloom
arving heir
arvtagere heirs
assessor assistant judge (archaic)
astma asthma
at that
atskillig considerably
atten eighteen
attende eighteenth, back
attest certificate
attunder back under
attverande (see "resterende")
attværende (see "resterende")
attåt in addition, additionally
attåtnæring subsidiary income, extra income
audn or audne abandoned farm (frequently used as name of a farm that was
abandoned during the Black Death)
august August
auk. abbr. for "auksjon"
auksjon auction
auksjonsprotoll auction records
av of, at, by, from
avbrote (see "avbryte") (nn)
avbryte break off, interrupt
avdeling part, division, department
avdelingssjef department manager
avdi (see "fordi")
avdø die
avdød dead, deceased, departed, late
avdøde the deceased
the departed
avdødes arving beneficiary of the deceased
avgaaet ved døden the person is dead
avgang death, demise
departure
avgangen departed
avgift duty, (monetary), fee
avgrensa (see "avgrense") (NN)
avgrense limited
avgå retire
depart
avgående departed or resigned
avhandling thesis, dissertation
avhold temperance/abstinence
avis newspaper
avisforvalter newspaper manager
avkom offspring, issue
avling harvest
avmønstre to sign off (maritime use)
avsked (få avskjed) be discharged
avsked (ta avskjed) retire
avskil (see "avskjed")
avskjed i nåde be honourable discharged, retire
take leave
avskjed resign, quit, departure
avskedsord parting word
avskriftene copy, transcript
avslog refused, denied
avtale agreement
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
B__________
b. abbr for "barn"
beststed. abbr for "bestemmelsessted"
bg. abbr for "bondegods"
Bg. or Ber. abbr for "Bergen" city on the southwest coast of Norway
bl.a. abbr for "blant annet"
br. abbr for "bruk"
br. abbr for "bruker"
br. heile g. abbr for "bruker hele garden"
bs. abbr for "busett"
bill. bet. (see "billett betalt") (abbr.)
baadsmand (see "båtsmann")
badedrakten swim suit
baaret (see "båret") (archaic)
bage (see "bake") (archaic)
bager (see "baker") (archaic)
bageri (see "bakeri") (archaic)
bagerdreng (see "bakerlærling" (archaic)
bagermester (see "bakermester") (archaic)
bagersvend bakerapprentice
bakbygning back building, an additional
residence behind main building
bake bake
baker baker
bakeri bakehouse, bakery
bakerlærling assistant on a backery
bakermester master (master in the bakers guild)
baketter back in time, previously
bakke hill
baneformann
banevaktar (see "banevokter")
banevokter lengthman
bank bank
bankkasserer bank cashier
bankbogholder bank accountant
bankfunksjonær bank clerk
banksjef bank manager
bannlyse excomminicate
baptist Baptist
bar carried
bar barnet held child ( at baptismal font)
bare only
bark bark/barque (type of vessel)
barn child
barn u.e.
(utenfor enkteskap) illigetimate child, child born out of wedlock
barna children
barndom childhood
barnamme a woman who helped taking care of small children
?? Would not this indicate that she gave milk to the newborn when the mother
did not (or if it was high class; would not) produce milk for the newborn baby herself
barnebarn grandchild
barnebarnsbarn great-grandchild
barnedåp baptism, infant baptism, christening
barnefar alleged father, putative father, child's father
barneflokk crowd of children, family
barneflokkane children groups
barnefordelingssak custody proceedings
barnesanger see Children songs
barneseng childbed, cot, crib
barneskole school, starts at 6; grades 1 thorught 7
barnesykdom childhood disease
barnet the child
barneviser (see "barnesanger")
barneårene childhood
barnlaus (see "barnløs") (nn)
barnløs childless
barsel confined to bed
barselfeber childbed fever
barselseng birthing bed
barskog coniferous forrest (fir and spruce)
basketak brush, tussle, scuffle
bauta stone monument
bautastein (see "bauta") (old viking)
be pray, request
bebodde occupied, inhabit
beboelseskontrakt (see "føderåd")
beboer occupant, resident
bebyggelse settlement, built-up area, development
buildings, houses, estate
hypertrophied regions
built-up area, urban area, urban district
bebygd område developed area, built-up area
bededag prayer day
bedehus chapel, bethel
bedekammer oratory
bedekke cover
serve
bedendis kjede chain of prayers
bedervet båd damaged boat
bedrive hor commit adultery
bedste (see "beste")
bedstefader (see "bestefar")
befatte seg med occupied with / deals with
befestet fortified, consolidated
befolkning population, people
begavet gifted
begravede buried
begge both
begge i 1ste ægteskab both in first marriage
begges 1te ægtesk (see "begge i 1ste ægteskab")
begikk leiermal commited adultry
begivenhet event, occurence
begrave bury
begravelse funeral, burial
begravet buried
belg bellows, skin, hyll
belte belt, girdle
behandle handle, treat, manage
behjelpelig helpful, be of assistance to
bemerkning remark
ben leg, bone
benekte deny
bensinstasjon filling station, service station, petrol station
benyttet used
benåde pardon
beordre commanded, ordered
beregningsgrunnlag basis for the calculation
berettiget entitled
bergarbeider mine worker
Bergenskanten means the area around Bergen and is not the same as "Bergen Parish"
bergråd
besetning livestock, crew
besittelse possession
beskrevet described
beskrivelse description
beslektet related
beslaegtet i 3die led meaning that they were sharing the same great grandparent
bestaainde (see "bestående")
beste the best
bestefar grandfather
besteforeldre grandparents
besdstemoder (see "bestemor")
bestemor grandmother
bestemt appoint, fix / decide, degre, destine
bestående existing
bestemmelsessted place of destination
bestyrer manager
besvangre impregnate, get with child
besøk visit
besøkende visitor
Bet. i Amerika paid in America (information connected to the emigration)
betale pay
betaling payment
betalte paid
betenkelig serious or unsafe
betiene (see "tjene")
betjene (see "tjene")
betjens (see "tjene")
betjent servant
betler beggar
bevilge grant, permission
bevilgning grant, permission
bevis proof
bevitne vitne
bibliotek library
bibliotekar librarian
bikube beehive, hive
bil car
Bilder pr. side pictures per page
bilmekaniker motor mechanic
bilulykke car accident
biletet (see "bilde")
billede (see "bilde")
bilde picture
billedhugger sculptor
billett ticket
billett betalt ticket paid
Billet fra Amerika ticket paid in Amerika
bind volume (book)
biografi biography
biologisk (far sønn...) biolgical father, son etc
birkebeiner Birkebeiner, Birchleg, Birchlegger (historical)
bisette read the furneral sermony
bisatt interred
bisettelse funeral service
biskop bishop
bispedømme diocese, see The Norwegian Church
bishopric = A ecclesiastical district of administration
which comprises all parishes (prestegjeld) within a geographical area.
Headed by a bishop.
bisme see Roman balance, steelyard
and How to use
blakk which is the usual color of the Norwegian Fjord horse - translates in English to *dun*.
Blakken usual the name of a horse.
blandkorn mixture of two type of grain, usually oats and barley
blant annet among other things
blei (see "bli") (nn)
bli become
blikkenslager tinsmith
Blikkenslagersvend journeyman tinsmith
blind blind
blod blood
blodforgiftning septicemia or bloodpoisoning
blodgang dysentary
blodskam incest
blokkedreier a turner (maker) of blocks, as in block and tackle.
bnr. abbr for "bruksnummer"
bo to live at
probate estate
in placenames it means farm
bodde lived
bodeling distributation of probate estate
bodkemester (see "bøkkermester)
boede lived (archaic)
boets etate's
bogtroker (see "boktrykker")
bok book
bokbinder bookbinder
bokhandler bookseller
bokholder bookkeeper
boks can, box
boksen går Kick the can (game)
boksel (see "bøksel")
bokstav letter, character
boktrykker bookprinter
bolig residence, house
bonde farmer (the profession)
bondegods land owned by the farmers themselves, not by the king or the church
bopel residence, domicile
bopæl (see "bopel") (archaic)
bor lives, living
bordarbeider works in a sawmill
borgarkrigssoldat soldier in the Civil war
borgeimister (see "borgermester")
borger citizen
resident of a city who had permission to engage in profession or trade
borgerbok listing of all "borger"
borgerbrev certificate of bourgeois status, see borger (archaic)
certificate of matriculation (present)
borgerlig ekteskap civil marriage
borgerlig vielse (see "borgerlig ekteskap")
borgermester mayor
borgerskap citizens, middle classes
borje på (see "børje på")
born (see "barn")
borna (see "barna")
bosetting (see "bosetning")
bosetning settlement or taking up residence
bortfestet contracted out
Bortliciteret for fattigkassens regning = placed there at the home of the farmer offering the lowest price. Kind of a bidding.
bortreist away from home
bortrømt escaped
bortgang death (of)
bortsatt replaced in a new home
bortsett (see "bortsatt")
apart from
bosatt settled, resident, risiding in, living at
bosette seg to settle
bosted residence
bot fine
botsskatt This refers to the confiscatorial tax by the name of "gjengjerden", levied on Bergenhus len by king Christian II in 1519/20, 1520/21 and 1521/1522, every time claiming 10 percent of the tax-payers net worth.
brann fire
brannmann fireman
brannmester fire chief, fire company officer
branntakst fire insurance value
brannskatt in 1730 fire tax
braut broke
brennevinsbrenner distiller of spirits
brennevins-kjele a kind of big kettle used for distilling of spirits. These kettles were valuable because they were made of copper.
brenneri Still or distillery
breandev.hdl liquor dealer
brev letter (correspondence)
bro bridge
Brockmanns huspostil Brockmann's Collection of sermons (for home use)
brod (see "brød")
broder brother (archaic)
brodersønn brother's son (archaic)
broderdatter brother's daughter (archaic)
bror brother
brordatter brother's daughter
brorenke brother's widow
brorsønn brother's son
bru (see "bro")
brud bride
brudesvenn sponsor of bride
brudgom bridegroom
bruk use
farm (note: the Norwegian farms were usually subdivided over the centuries into
smaller "bruk". Each of these "bruk" were numbered 1, 2, 3, etc.
Many "bruk" were only about 5 to 15 acres in size)
brukar (see "bruker")
brukarar plural of "brukar"
bruker user of a farm
farmer
use
bruker heile garden using the whole farm
bruket the farm
bruksnavn Subfarm name
bruksnummer subfarm unit number
bruksnr (see "bruksnummer")
bruksfolk those on a sub-farm
bruksrett the right to use a farm or part of
brun brown
brystduk a part of a national costume. There is probably an English word. It is a square cloth, usually embroidered or beaded, inserted inside the tunic - 'breast cloth'
bruttomidelen "the gross fortune" or "the gross value of property"
bruttoformue gross property
bryggen dock or wharf
bryggearbeider dockworker
brygger brewer
bryggeri brewery
bryggeriarbeider brewery worker
bryllup wedding
brød bread
brødre brothers
brændevinsbrænderi a destillery
budde (see "bodde")
budeie milkmaid
buffetjomfru woman serving at a buffe
bukk male goat
bukker male goats
Bukkehorn Pictures and information about Bukkehorn (ram or goat horn)
bukse pants
bunad Norwegian national costume
bumerke branding mark, branding iron
was used instead of segnature, often by people that couldn't read. It was fully approved in official contracts etc. Often carved out of wood, or made as a signet ring.
bundtmager (see "buntmaker")
buntmaker furrier
bur lives (nn)
cage
bureisar (see "bureiser")
bureiser settler
buret (abbr for "stabburet")
busetjing (see "bosetting")
busett (see "bosatt")
busette seg (see "bosette seg")
buskap live stock
buskbeplantningen the shrub planting
bustad (see "bolig")
butikk shope, store
butikkdame saleswoman (in a shop)
butikjomfru saleswoman, shopgirl
butikksjef store manager
butiksvend (see "butikkekspeditør") (male)
butikkekspeditør shop assistant
by town, city
bydel part of the town
bygd small community, village, rural district, parish
bygdebok rural cronicles
see How to use a Norwegian "bygdebok" in your genealogy research (John Follesdal)
see Bygdebøker - Bygdeboks (John Follesdal)
see A 'bygdebok' - what is that? (Johan I. Borgos)
see Newbies notes
see Bygdebøker - Bygdeboks (John Follesdal) an other
bygdeborg parish fortress
bygdefolk country people, villagers
bygdevei country road, lane
bygdelag regional society
bygdesoge (see "bygdebok") n.n.
bygg barley
bygge to build
bygget buildt
bygmester (see "byggmester")
byggmester Master builder
bygning building
bygningsarbeider construction worker, builder, building worker
Bygningsmand (see "bygningsmann")
bygningsmann builder or carpender
bygningstømmermd building carpenter
bygningsneker (see "bygningssnekker")
bygningssnekker joiner (in the building trade
bygningsstein building stone
bygsel particular leasehold, lease
bygseltomt leashold site
bygselbrev written contract for the lease of land.
bygselmann leaseholder
bygselen the lease
bygsla past tense of "bygsle"
bygsle lease, let on lease
bygslet land leased land
byksle (see "bygsle")
byll abscess
bygård block of flats,
US: apartment building, apartments
byhus townhouse
bymuseum city museum
byrå department
bystyret city council
byxle (see "bygsle")
bære carry
bødker (see "bøkker")
bøgger (see "bøker") (archaic)
bøker books
bøkker cooper, barrel maker
bødkermester (see "bøkkermester")
bødkerøks (see bøkkerøks")
bøkkermester master cooper
bøkkerverksted copper's shop
bøkkerøks rounding el. hollow adze
bøksel (see "bygsel")
bølge wave
bønn prayer
bønder og gaardbrugere farmers
børje på started with
børn (see also "barn") Children (in Plural) (archaic)
bøssemagerdreng riflemaker's apprentice
bøtelagt to have been fined
bøye buoy
bøxel (see "bygsel")
bøxelmand (see "bygselmann")
bøxelbonde (see "bygselmann")
bøxle (see "bygsle")
bære to carry
båd (see "båt") (archaic)
både both, either
bådsmann boatswain
båret carried
bås stall, box, pen
båt boat, ship
båtbygger ship builder
båtbygjar (see "båtbygger")
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
C__________
cammerraad litterally: chamber councillor, originally a title from the royal court depicting a nobleman close to the king, later on a pure honorific.
cancellieråd
cathechismesanger songs praphrasing the contents of he cathechism-book (Luther).
caut abbr for Cautionister (see "vitner") (see "forlover")
cautionister (see "vitner")
(see "forlover")
cellulose chemical pulp, which is the base for paper production
Chjirurgisk (see "kirurgisk")
cirka approximately
ca. approx.
Cicelørlærling (see "siselørlærling)
civilstand (see "sivilstand")
confirmeret confirmed
communion communion
conduite (see "snarrådig")
confirmerede confirmed
constitueret (see "konstituert")
contorist (see "kontorist")
contrastefne (see "kontrastevne")
copie (see "kopi")
cop. abbr. for "copulerede" (in churchbooks)
copulerede marriage
copuleret (see "copulerede")
cuur (see "kur")
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
D__________
d. abbr. for "død"
d.e. abbr. for "den eldre"
d.kr. abbr. for "døde omkring"
d.y. abbr. for "den yngre"
d.s.s. abbr. for "det samme som"
d.s.å. abbr. for "død samme året"
d.å.e abbr. for "død året etter"
d.å. abbr. for "det år"
dl. abbr. for "dalar"
dlr. abbr. for "dalar"
dvs abbr. for "det vil si"
d.v.s. abbr. for "det vil si"
da then, when
daab (see "dåp") (archaic)
daap (see "dåp") (archaic)
DaabsAttest (see "dåpsattest) (archaic)
dag day
dagen før the previous day
dagligstua the living room
daglønnet day pay earner
dagleie (see "daglønnet")
dagsarbeide One days work
dagarb. (see "dagarbeider")
dagarbeider day laborer; One who hasn't a steady job - takes what he finds from day to day
dagsarbeider (see "dagarbeider")
dagarbeiderske day laborer (female)
dagsregister daily register (index)
dal valley
dalar old currency, see Old measurements
damask dornick
damefrisør ladies' hairdresser
dampskib steamboat (archaic)
Danmark Denmark
dannekvinde gentlewoman
dannemand gentleman
danse dance
danselaerer male dancing teacher
dansk Danish
dass (see "utedo")
datamaskin computer
datere to date (as in setting a date to something)
dato date
datter daughter
datterdatter daughter's daughter
dattersønn daughter's son
datum (Latin) date
de they, those, the
degn parish clerk
dei gamle the old ones
deira (their) (nn)
dekkmann deckman, a workman employed on the deck of a vessel
dele to divide, to share
deling partitioning, dividing
delt partitioned, divided
delta take part, share
deltatt taken part
deltagelse participation, attendance
sympathy
deltager (see "delta")
deltaget (see "deltatt")
delvis partially
dem them, they
demitert resigned, retired
den the, it, that
Den barmhjertige Samaritan The Good Samaritan
den eldre the oldest
den lille the small one, the young one (refering to small, young children)
Den Norske Kirke The Norwegian Church; is a state church, and its
clergy are senior officials. The country is divided into 10 bishoprics
and the church is governed or guided by a Church Council or Consistory.
den yngre the younger
den yngste the youngest
denge (see "slå")
denne this
der there
deres their
deretter subsequently
derfor therefore
derimod against (him)
desember December
dessutan in addition, besides, moreover
det it, that, the
Det bibelske regnebret The biblical calculating board
Det nye testamente The New Testament
det samme som the same as
det samme året same year
det år that year
det vil si i.e.
dette this
diakon deacon, male nurse
Diakonissehus An originally monastic nurse school, still in existence in Norway.
difteri diptheria
diksel (see "bøkkerøks")
diktargivnaden gift of writing
dimmitert disharged from military service
din your
direktør manager, director
direksjon board of directors
disse these
dissenter is a person that is a member of an other church society than the official State Lutheran Church of Norway. These persons are baptised in a dissenter church, eg. the Methodist church.
distrikt district
distriktsjef district manager
disktriktslege medical officer of health. (In norwegian the english tittle sounds like something military, but it's not)
ditto the same as above (in i.e. taxlists), se also "do"
diverse various
djevel devil
do toalett
privy
the same as above (in ieee taxlists), se also "ditto"
(see also "utedo")
dodfodte (see "dødfødt")
dode (see "døde")
dosent associate professor
dokument document
domb (see "dom")
dom judgement (legal term)
("see also "dum")
domkirke cathedral
dommer judge
domprost catherdral dean
domstol court of law
dotter (see "datter")
dra to travel
to pull
draaps (see "drops")
dragon draggon, light cavalryman
dragoon (see "dragon")
dram (see "drink")
dreiv ran, operated
dreng boy
drengebarn male child
drengestubygning servant's quarters
drepende fatale, mortal
drev ran, operated
driftsjef manager, leader of a company or an enterprise
driftsleiar (see "driftsjef")
drink snifter
drive run, operate
driver sjøbruk running a fishing business
dronning queen
drops candy
drosje taxi (cab)
druknede (see "druknet")
druknet drowned
dræbende (see "drepende")
du you
du er ute you are out!
dugmager (see "seildukmaker")
dum dumb, idiot, retarded
dydig virtuous
dyr animal
expensive
dyreste the most expensive
dyrlege veterinarian
dæksmand (see "dekkmann")
dø to die
dø ut die out
døbe (see "døpe") (archaic)
døbenavn (see "døpenavn") (archaic)
døbt (see "døpt") (archaic)
død dead
død samme året dead the same year
død året etter dead the following year, dead the next yerar
døde died
døde etter died after
døde fær died before
døde omkring died about
dødfødt stillborn
dødfødte stillborn
dødsbo estate of a deceased person
dødsdato date of death
dødsfald (see "dødsfall")
dødsfall death
dødsleiet deathbed
dødsår year of death
dødsårsak cause of death
dødtrene (see "døtrene")
døgn 24-hour period of time
dømt sentenced (judicial)
døpe christen (f.eks. He was christened John after his father.)
(formal and in ecclesiastical language) baptize
(about ship) christen, name
døpenavn christian name
døpt baptized, christened
dør dies
døtre daughters
døtrene the daughters
døyr (see "dør") (nn)
døv deaf
døvstum deaf and dumb
døyde (see "døde") (nn)
døype (see "døpe") (nn)
då (see "da")
dåp baptism
dåpsattest certificate of baptism, Birth Certificate, cristian record
dåpsdag babtismal day
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
E__________
eed (see "ed")
ed oath
etc. et cetera, and so on (abbr)
efter (see "etter")
eftercommer (see "etterkommer")
efterkommer (see "etterkommer")
efterlader (see "etterlater")
efterlatte (see "etterlatte")
efterlevende surviving
efterleverske (see "enke") (archaic)
eftermiddag (see "ettermiddag")
efternavn (see "etternavn")
efterslektstavle (see "etterslektstavle")
egen own (his own, her own)
egentlig actual
egg egg
eggedosis eggnog, egg-flip
eggekrem egg custard
eggelikør egg liqueur
eggepunsj eggnog
eggerøre scrambled eggs
eie,eje to own
eiendom property, real estate
eiendomsdeling distribution of poperty in probate
eiendomsoverdraging transfer of property
eier owner
eige (see "eie") (nn)
eigelut (possession (of things) (nn)
eigedomstilhøve eigedom + tilhøve = possesions, property, estate, grounds + circumstances, conditions.
property condition
eigendom (see "eiendom") (nn)
eike wheele spoke
eje (see "eie")
ejendomb (see "eiendom")
ekkja (see "enka") (nn)(spoken language)
Eks. abbr. for "eksamen"
eksamen graduated
eksamen artium degree from senior high school
ekspeditør clerk, shop assistant
ekspeditrise shopgirl, shop assistant, saleswoman
ekspedisjonssekretær shipping officer
ekstraskatt supplementary tax
ekstraskattemanntall census type listing of those paying supplementary tax
ekte legitmate, to marry
ektefelle spouse, marriage partner
ektefolk (see "ektepar")
ektemann husband
ektepar married couple
ekteskap marriage
ekteskapelig marital, conjugal
ekteviet married
ekvipering outfitting
eldre older
eldst oldest, eldest
eldste klasse oldest class
elektrikar (see "elektriker")
elektriker electrician
elektroteknikar electrician
elev student
elgskinn moose hide
eller or, or else
elleve eleven
ellevte eleventh
elv river, stream
embedekontor official office, government office
Embedsmænd (see "embetsmann")
embedet (see "embete")
embete public office
embetsmann Senior civil servants (those whose position required an appointment by the "Statsråd" - a parliamentary meeting conducted by the king) or clergy member
embetsmannsarkivet archive of senior civil servants and stae clergy
emigrant emigrant
emigrantprotokoller records maintained by the police in main seaports
of those who emigrated throught the seaport
Emigrasjonsprotokoller & the ships of our ancestors
emigrere emigrate
emisær (see "emissær")
emissær emissary
en a, one
ene alone
enebarn only child
England England
engelsk English
engelsk syke rickets
englænderne men from England = Englishmen
enhver each
enka widow (nn)
enke widow
enkemann widower
enkemannens widower's
enkestand widowed
enkja (see "enke") (nn)
enkja er oppsagd frå bruket
his widow was given notice from the farm.
enkje (see "enke") (nn)
enkjemann (see "enkemann") (nn)
ennu yet, still
enroulleret enrolled (in the military)
enskipet single naved (church)
enslig single
entall singular
entl. (abbr for entlediget)
entlediget dismissed, removed from office, retired
entrepenør contractor
epidemier Bidrag til epidemienes historie i Norge i eldre tider
epilepsi epilepsy
er is, are
erholde obtained
erhverv livelihood
erhvervet acquired
erkjenne acknowledge
ermer arms
sleeve
ernære (see "forsørger")
erobringen the capturing, comquering
erter peas
eske box, case
et a, one
etasje floor, story
etatsråd
etnisitet ethnicity
ett one
etter after
etterfølger successor
etterfølgere successors
etterhvert little by little
etterkommer descendant
etterkvart (see "etterhvert")
etterlatte surviving, survivors
etterlater leave (behind)
etterlevende surviving
ettermiddag afternoon
etternavn surname, last name
etterslektstavle table of descendants
ettertrykkelig emphatically
Evangeliesange Evangelical songs
evige Sne perpetual snow (often used as a synonym for glacier)
eyendom (see "eiendom")
examen degree (akademic)
certificate
examen artium degree from senior hight school
evne intelligence
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
F__________
f. abbr for "fødd"
f.eks. e.g. (abbr)
f.kr. abbr for "født omkring"
f.t. abbr for "for tiden"
fam. abbr for "familie"
fam. still. abbr for "familiestilling"
frgs abbr for "forregåendes"
fa'en a contraction of "fanden" when something goes bad
faar (see "får")
faarehyrde (see "fårehyrde")
fabre abbr for "fabrikk"
fabrikk factory
fabrikkarbeidar (see "fabrikkarbeider")
fabrikkarbeider Factory worker
fader (see "far") (archaic)
faderen (see "faren") (archaic)
faderskap (see "farskap") (archaic)
faddere sponsor, christening, parents, godparents
faddergave present given to child by godfather or godmother at baptization /christening
faddernes navne godparent's name; name of the witnesses
fadste (see "faste")
fagforeningsarbeidet the work in the labor or trade union
fallesyke epilepsy
faldt (see "falt")
faldne (see "falne")
falne the fallen
falt fall, be killed in war
familie family
familie historie lineage books
familiestatus family status
familiehoved head of family
familienavn family name, surname
familiestilling position in the family, family status
fanden the devil
fange prisoner
fantepakk (could be som more or less "bad" person, often used on thiefs, gipsys or other persons
far father
faren the father
faret til søes gone to sea
farbror father's brother, uncle
farfar paternal grandfather
fargar (see "farger")
farger dyer
colour
farmor paternal grandmother
farskap paternity
farsslekt fathers family
farsot pestilence, plague
fartøy vessel, craft
farver (see "farger")
faste fast
fastelaven shrovertide
faster aunt (father's sister)
fastermand (see "fastermann")
fastermann husband of father's sister
fastlagt (see "bestemt")
fattig poor
fattigattest paupers reference
fattigbøsse poor box
fattigcassa (see "fattigkassa")
fattigdom poverty
fattigforstander manager of the poor relief fund
fattigfolk poor peolpe
fattigfornem shabby-genteel
fattiggutt poor boy
fattighus poor-house
fattigslig baggarly, poor mean
fattigkasse poor relief fund
fattigkvarter poor quarter
fattigkommisjonen welfare commission, commision for the poor
fattiglem pauper
fattigmann poor man
fried cruller (cake)
poor man's biscuits
fattigunderstøttes supported by the welfare agency
fattigvesen welfare agency, poor rleif, poor-law authorities
fattigvæsen (see "fattigvesen")
favn embrace
fathom
feber fever
februar February
fedre fathers
fehandlar person in the cattle business
fehus cowhouse
fekk (see "fikk")
fele Pictures and information about Ordinary violin (vanleg fele)
felles common, joint
felles sønn son of both parent (used in census)
fellesfjøs cowshed, cowhouse (for the cattle, livestock)
feltlivet the camp life, life in the camp
felttog campaign, (military) expedition
fem five
fembøring Fembøring
femte fifth
femten fifteen
femtende fifteenth
femti fifty
femtiende fiftieth
fengsel prison
fenrik esign (1700's), secon lieutenant (modern)
ferdiggjeringa finishing
ferge ferry
fergegutt boy working at the ferry
fergemann ferryman
feskatt in 1628 cattle tax
feste foothold
(see "bygselbrev")
fixe
festeavgifta contract fee
festergave engagement present
festesetel (see "bygselbrev")
festning fortress
festningsstraf for imprisonment
fetevarer obsolete term for groceries, also old term for meat
fetter cousin (male)
fikk received (fikk is the past tense of "å få" (to get)), obtained, acquired
finder (see "finner")
finne to find
fin (on fish)
person from Finland
finner find
Finnland Finland
finnsk person or object from Finland
fire four
firmenning third cousin
fisk fish
fiskebruk the gear(nets, boats and other tackle used in the fisheries)
fiskehandler fishmonger
fiskekaker Fish Cakes
fisker fisherman
fiskeri fishery, fishing
fiskerioppsyn fishery protection, inspection
fiskeveier a person who is weighing fish
fjantet foolish, frivolous, silly, mentally handicapped to a light degree
fjell mountain
fjerde fourth
Fjerding was used for a periode in the 1700s and 1800s as a term for a school district
a quarter barrel (measure vessel for cereals)
fjerdingsmann was a person who had the task of making every farmer and husmann in the fjerding pay their contribution to the cost of keeping the school in operation.
fjorden fjord
fjorten fourteen
fjordepart 1/4
fjortende fourteenth
fjærkre fowl, poultry
fjøs cowshed, cowhouse
cow barn
fjøsen the cow barn
fjøsstell dairy management
flatmarksgrav grave on flat ground
fledføring (see "føderåd" and "kår")
flere several more
flid og oppfoerdsel pains and behaviour
flittig diligent
fly aeroplane
flyfille loose female
flymekaniker aeromechanic
flyttande moving
flytte move
flytte fra move away from
flytte til move to
flyttningsregister migration register
fløyel velvet
flødningsarb. log floating worker
fløyte Pictures and information about flutes
fløytinga timber floating / rafting timer down a river
fodear (see "fødeår")
foderaadsmand (see "føderådsmann")
foderaadskone (see "føderådskone")
foderet fodder
fodested (see "fødested")
fogd bailiff, sheriff
foged (see "fogd")
fogderegnskap baliff records, bailiwich records (archaic)
fogderi administrative unit (archaic)
foged (see "fogd")
folge (see "kår")
folio page (double)
folk people
folkmengde population
folkekirken state church
folkeopplysning popular education
folkeregister citizen register
folketallet people census
folketelling census, see Norwegian Census Records (John Føllesdal)
folketeljinga (see "folketelling")
folktallet (see "folketallet")
for for, at, before, by
fodder (for the livestock)
for alle rettar through all legal means
for tiden for the time being
foraeldre (see "foreldre")
foran in front of
forberedelse preparation, grounding
forbilde ideal, example
forbindelser connections
forblødning bled to death
forbrytelse crime
fordi because
forefaldt (see "forefallt")
forefallt occurred, happened
forregåendes previous one listed
foreldre parents
foreldreløs orphan
forendes united
foretaget (see "foretatt")
enterprise, venture
foretatt undertook
forening society, association
forettning shop
forettningsmann shopowner, (business) man
foretningsfører (business) manage
forfatter author
forfedre ancestors, forefathers
forflødt transferred
forfærdiger Kurver making baskets
forgjenger predecessor
forgreninger branches, ramifications
forgylling gilding
forhen (see "forhenværende")
forhv. (see "forhenværende")
forhenværende former, previous, preceding
forhv. hmkone (see "forhenværende husmannskone")
forhv. hmkone former cotters wife
forhenværende former
forhold situation, conditions
forhus house in front ( main house on farm )
forkjøpet pre-emption
forkjølet to have a cold
forklaring explanation
forkle apron
forkyndt announced, proclaimed
forkynnararven preaching heritage
forlade (see "forlate")
forlate leave, abandon
forgive
forleningsbrev
forlikskommisær personal posission
forlignelse reconciliastion
Forlovar (see "forlover")
forlove engage to
forlovede fiancé(e)
forlovelse engagement
forlover best man, maid of honour, sponsor
forlovere marriage witnesses, sponsors or cautionister (best men) who served as witnesses to the fact that the bride and groom were not so closely related as to prohibit the marriage.
forlovet engaged
formann foreman, supervisor
formandskabet (see "formannskapet")
formannskapet chairmannship, executive committee of parish or town council
formiddag morning
formue assets, property
fortune, meaning an assessment of the valuables (real estate, stocks and
bonds, bank accounts, objets d'art, cars, boats etc.) in the persons possession,
with his or her debts subtracted. Fortune is taxable, but you have to own a lot
to notice it.
formueskatt property tax
formynder guardian
fornavn first name
fornminne field of relics
fornødenhed necessity (of life)
forpakter manager of estate
tenant farmer, one who leases the right to cultivate a farm
forpagtn (see "forpaktning")
forpaktning lease for tenant farmer
forpleining board, food
forretning business
forridge (see "forrige")
forrige former
previous
forringe diminished, made poorer in quality
forråtnelse decay, decomposition, or putrefaction
forråtnelsesfeber fever caused by putrefaction
forsamblede (see "forsamlet"
forsamlet assembled, convened
forsikring insurance
forsikringspremie insurance premium
forsiktig careful
forskjelligt (see "forskjelligartet")
forskjelligartet varied
forskning reasearch
forsorges (see "forsørges")
forsorges af ham provided for of him
forsorgsstyret poor relief board or management
forstand intellect, mind
forstoppelse constipation
forsvar defence
forsvarsviljen will to defend
forsørge to provide for, support
forsørges av .. supported by .. , cared for by ..
forsørges ved Privat godgjorenhed
supported by privat charity
forsåvidt in as much as
fortegnelse list, registery
fortelle tell
Fortjenestemedalje Order or Merit (a medal)
fortælle (see "fortelle")
fortid past
fortsættelsesskole Pupil at a school one level over the required minimum education. (archaic)
framhaldsskole (archaic)
forurensning contamination, pollution
forvalter manager
forældre (see "foreldre") (archaic)
fosterb. abbr for "fosterbarn
fosterbarn fosterchild
fosterd. abbr for "fosterdatter"
fosterdatter fosterdaughter
fosterdreng forster child (boy)
fosterfar fosterfather
fostermor fostermother
fosters. abbr for "fosterson"
fosterson (see "fostersønn") (nn)
fostersønn fosterson
fostre foster, to rear
fotograf photographer
fotografi photograph
fougit (see "fogd")
fra from
fradelt divided from
fradrag allowance/deduction/discount
fraflytte leave, move away
(hadde) frafløtt have left, had moved from
fragtbeløp cost of ticket, freight charge
fragtemand (see "fraktmann")
frakt freight
fraktmann freight / cargo handler / transporter
fram forward
framgang (see "fremgang")
framskap a certain type of cupboard, usual "innreiing"
fraværende absent
fraskille separate property
fraskilt jord separated/dubdivided property
fredag Friday
frem forward
fremgang progress, moving ahead
framgå av be a result of, appear from, be evident from"
frampå (see "frempå")
fremkomme bring forward
fremmed foreign, foreigner
frempå in front
fremstående prominent
fremtid future
frihandel free trade, the policy of unregistricted international trade
frihandler This is a difficult term to translate. The modern usage of "frihandel"
is free trade but this not the meaning here.
It would refer to someone who sold certain goods unhampered by regulation
or by permits etc. It would not be correct to say a street hawker
or door to door salesman, but it would be along that line.
frihet freedom, liberty
frillesønn might just be a derogatory term used by the enumerator,
but if the father was a married man, the term would be more or less justified
friluftsliv outdoor life
friluftsmenneske outdoor person
Frimerke postage stamp
Frimerkebilder postage stamp pictures (thumbnails)
frisørdame lady hairdresser
fritid free time
fritidsinteresse hobby
frivillig volunteer
Frsværn abbr. for Fredriksværn (naval base), just south of Larvik in Vestfold
fru Mrs.
frue wife
fruentimmer unmarried mother, female
person (derogatory) gay?
frugthandlerske woman working in a fruit store or rather the owner of a fruit store
fruktsommelig pregnant
frukthage orchard
frydetoner joyfull tunes
fryktelig frightfully
frøken Miss
frå (see "fra") (nn)
fråhold (see "avhold")
fulde (see "full") (archaic)
fuldkomne (see "fullkommen")
fuldmaegtig (see "fullmektig")
fuldmegtig (see "fullmektig")
full full, complete
drunk
fullkommen complete
fullmakt power of attorney, autorization
fullmektig head cleark, agent
futedømme (see "fogderi")
futeregnskap bailiff's accounts
fv. (see "forhenværende")
fylke Norway is divided as Norway - fylke - kommune
USA is divided as USA - State - county
fylkesmann county governor
county administrator, chief administrative officer of a 'fylke'
fylkesrådmann county commissioner
fyr lighthouse
fyrbøter stoker, beacon, light beacon, lighthouse keeper
fyrmester foreman, boss (on the light house)
fyrmeister (see "fyrmester")
fyrvesenet lighthouse service of the Coast Guard
fyrstikker matches
fyrste (see "første") (nn)
fut (see "fogd") (archaic)
fædre fathers, partinal ancestors (archaic)
fædrene (see "fedrene") (archaic)
fæehuss (see "fehus")
fælleds (see "felles")
fælles (see "felles")
færdesmand ( ferdamann in nynorsk) it means a traveller
færge (see "ferge")
færgemand (see "fergemann")
færgegutt (see "fergegutt")
færre fewer
fætter (see "fetter")
fødd (see "født")
født omkring born about
fødeår year of birth
føderaad (see "føderåd")
føderaadskone (see "føderådskone")
føderåd support received after giving ones estate to another,
the retirement agreement, also named as "kår" = kaar" Kår - føderåd
a sort of pensioner, receiving support from new owners of the farm by contract made on the sale
(see "kår")
føderådskone woman on "føderåd"
(see "kårkone")
føderådsmann man on "føderåd"
(see "kårmann")
fødesogn native parish
fødestad (see "fødested")
fødested birthplace
fødsel birth
fødselsattest birth certificate
fødselsdag birthday
fødselsdato birthdate
fødselsraten birthrate
fødselsår year of birth
fødselsregister register of birth
fødselstalet birth census
født born
født utenom ekteskap born out of wedlock
føl (see "føll") (nn)
føll foal
følgende following
følges tilbake til traced back to
før before
førartype leader
føremann predecessor
førenamn given name
førend before
førnemnde the former, mention before
fører pilot, guide, operator, master
førepenger wedding garments and wedding ceremony
ført recorded, listed
først first
førti forty
førtiende fortieth
føst kicked away, kicked out
få to receive, to get
får sheep
receives, got
mutton
fårehyrde sheperd
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
G__________
g. abbr. for "gård"
g. abbr. for "gift"
g.m. abbr. for "gift med"
grdbr.,selveier,
skogeier og fisker farmer., owner, skogeier and fish(erman)
gaar i dagleie working on short terms
Gaar paa skole goes to school
gaarsarbeide (see "gårdsarbeide")
gaard (see "gård")
gaardbruger (see "gårdbruker")
gaardbruker (see "gårdbruker")
gaardbrukerenke (see "gårdbrukerenke")
gaardbrukerkone (see "gårdbrukerkone")
gaardmand (see "gårdsmann")
gaardsdreng (see "gårdsgutt")
gaardsarbeider (see "gårdsarbeider")
gaardsgut (see "gårdsgutt")
gaardskarl (see "gårdsgutt"
gade (see "gate") (arcahic)
gal (see "sinssyk")
gallfeber jaundice
galt crazy, wrong
male pig
wild boar (male)
gamle the old
gammel old
gammelt old
gamleheimen home for the aged
gamlingen the old one
gangkone ward aide or erlier nurse ( around 1850)
gangklær clothing
ganske sikkert pretty sure
gard (see "gård")
gardar (see "gårder")
gardfar head of the farm, freeholder
gardbruker (see "gårdsbruker")
gardmann (see "gårdsmann")
gardsfolk (see "gårdsfolk")
gardshistorien the history of the farm
gardsmann (see "gårdsmann") (archaic)
gardsmandskone (see "gårdsmannskone") (archaic)
gardsnavn (see "gårdsnavn")
gardsnr (see "gårdsnummer")
gardsnummer (see "gårdsnummer") (archaic)
gardsreiskap (see "gårdsredskap")
garnisjonskirkegården garrison cemetery
gartner gardener
garver tanner
garversvend tanner assistant
gate street
gatenavn name of the street
gatenummer streetnumber
gave gift, endowment
geistleg ecclesiastical
geit goat
geiter goats
generalauditeur highranking official whose work it is to control other officials in order to weed out graft and corruption
generalløyntnant lieutenant general
generalmajor major-general (UK), general major (US)
generalssekretær secretary-general
generalstab general staff
generasjon generation
geografisk leksikon gazeteer
Geografisk Oppmåling A goverment mapping agency like the US Geoeodetic Survey
gev. abbr. for "gevorbne"
gevorbne enlisted
(å) gifte seg to marry
gift married
poison
gift 1 ste gang married 1st time
giftet seg første gang married 1st time
giftet seg att married again
gift 2 de gang married 2nd time
gift med married to
giftet seg got married
giftarmål marriage (nn)
giftemålsaldern marriage age
gifteferdig marriageable
gikk walked
gikt rheumatism
giktbrudden rheumatic, gouty
giktfeber rheumatic fever
gilde feast, banquet, guild
gimre a ewe which has not yet lambedgjeit (see "gjet")
gitt husrom given shelter
giver giver, donor
transmitter, transducer
giætter (see "gjeter")
gjalle ring, resound, echo, reverberate
gjedde pike
gjeder (see "gjeter")
gjeld debt
gjeldfri debtless
free from/of debt, out of debt
gjeldsandel debt ratio
gjeldsbevis promissory note
written acknowledgment of debt, an IOU
gjeldsbrev debenture
debt instrument, instrument of debt, debt certificate, certificate of
indebtedness/debt
written acknowledgment of debt, an IOU
promissory note
non-negotiable debt instrument/debt certificate
gjeldsfengsel debtor's prison
gjelk med bles a castrated horse with a white spot in the forehead
gjemt hidden
gjemsel hide and seek (game)
gjengangerens spectre, ghost
gjenskjøpsretten the right to re-purchase
gjenlevende survivors
gjennom through
completely, thoroughly
gjennomsyn inspection or examination (being watched)
gjenstand item
gjerne willing(ly)
gjest guest
gjest vrl (see "gjesteværelse")
gjesterom (see "gjesteværelse")
gjesteværelse room for the guest
gjestgiver innkeeper
gjestgjevar (see "gjestgiver")
gjet,gjeit goat
gjæte to herd, to mind > gjætte , past tense
gjeter herdsman, shepherd
gjetergutt shepherd boy
gjordemor (see "jordmor")
gjordemoder (see "jordmor")
gjæst (see "gjest")
gjøre do, make, cause, render
gjørtler brazier, brass smith
glasskule glassbulb
(see "kavl")
glassverk glasswork
glassmaleri stained-glass painted piece
gloggkryddor Glöggkryddor (swedish)
gløgg Glödd (swedish) Gløgg is a Swedish drink that has become popular in Norway as well. It is only (mostly) used at Christmas time.
gmd abbr. for "Gaardmand, gårdmann"
Gnav Games played with single suited cards
Gnr. (see "gårdsnummer") abbr.
god good
God Jul Merry Christmas
Gode ønsker Best wishes
gods estate
godsarkiv manors archive
godseier estate owner
goldsmith gullsmed
goro Cardamon crackers
grahest stallion
graastein (see "gråstein")
graasteinarbeider (see "gråsteinarbeider")
grandnevø grand-nephew
grandniese grand-niece
grandonkel grand-uncle
grandtante grand-aunt
gratis (Latin) free
grav grave
grave to dig
graver grave digger, sexton
gravfeste (see "jordpåkastelse")
graffest (see "jordpåkastelse")
gravhaug barrow, grave-mound (interest to archeologists)
gravlagt burried
gravlegge to bury
gravlund cemetery
gravsten gravestone
gren branch
gren. abbr. for "grenader"
grenader infantryman, grenadier
grend rural neightbourhood/area
grense boundary, border
grenselos borderpilot, who followed people across the border and knew how to avoid the germans
greve Count (Nobility)
grevinne Countess
gribber vultures
gries (see "gris")
gris pig
grisen the pig
grishus the house for the pigs
grip(p)a (see "influensa")
grossist wholesaler
grovsmed blackmith
grube mine, pit
grubearb (see "gruvearbeider")
grubearbeider (see "gruvearbeider")
grunn ground, reason
grunnleggjar founder
grunnleggjaren the founder
grunnleggjarar founders
grunnleggjarane the founders
gruvearbeidar (see "gruvearbeider")
gruvearbeider Miner
grønn green
gråstein granite boulder, stone
gråsteinarbeider stone cutter
gubben a slang for an "old man" or the oldest male person in the household
gudfar godfather
gudmor godmother
gull gold
gulsot jaundice
gulv floor
gutt boy
gutte-galen crazy after boys
gymnas senior hight school
gymnasiast turdent in sernior hight school
Gymnastik Gymnastics
gøymt (see "gjemt")
gå go, walk
går frem av (see "framgå av")
gågate a street for pedestrians only
gård farm
gårder plurel of "gård"
gårdsarbeide general farm labor
gårdsarbeider a person working at a farm, field hand
gårdsbestyrer farm manager
gårdsfolk farm people, owners or tenants
gårdsgutt farm hand
gårdsplass courtyard
gårdsbruk farm
gårdsbruker farmer (farming his farm)
gårdbruker farmer
gårdbrukerenke farmer's widow
gårdbrukerkone the wife to a farmer
gårdeier farm owner
gårdmann owner of the farm
gårdmannsfolk those on the head farm
gårdmannskone farmer's wife
gårdsdeling division of the farm, often that a mainfarm is split up as new generation grew up and needed farms of their own
gårdsgutt farmboy
gårdsmann (see "grårdmann")
gårdsnavn name of the farm
gårdsnummer farm number, land number
gårdsredskap farm equipment
gårsdagens of yesterday
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
H__________
h.h.v abbr. for "espectively" (henholdsvis)
hpg. abbr. for "hospitalgods"
hr. abbr. for "Herr"
ha to have
haandværker (see "håndverker")
haandarbeide (see "håndarbeide")
hadde had
haer (see "hær")
hafde (see "hadde")
hagebruk gardening
halsesyke throat infection
halshugget decapitated
halv half
halvbror half-brother
halvningen halving
halvsøsken half-brother(s) and/or half-sisters(s)
halvsøster half-sister
ham him
skin, slough
hamlekorn (see "hummelkorn")
hammer hammer
mallet
knocker
gavel
hammer, malleus
hammerskaft hammer handle, hammer shaft
hammerslagg iron scale, oxide scale
hammersmed hammersmith
hamn port
han he
handarbeidslærer teacher of needlework, sewing, etc
handel trade
handelsbestyrer shop manager
handelsbetjent shop assistant, salesman
handelsbrev business license, permission to buy and sell goods in a specified area.
handelsfuldmægtig (see "handelsfullmektig")
handelsfullmektig business agent or assistant
handelshøyskolen college of economics and business administration
Handelskarl Businessman
handelslaget cooperative store
handelsmann merchant, trader
handler merchant, dealer or peddler
handlerske female tradeperson
handskemager (see "hanskemaker")
handskrifta (see "håndskrifta")
handteinrokk distaff = a split stick that holds the wool or flax for spinning
handtlanger (see "håndlanger")
hans his
hansker gloves
hanskmaker (see "hanskemaker")
hanskemaker glove maker
har has, have
hardingfele (see "fele")
hatt hat
hattemaker hatmaker
Haud second class in university exams, "Haud illaudibilis" means "Hardly unpraiseworthy"
havbruk fish farming, fish breeding
aquaculture, mariculture, sea farming
havebrug (see "hagebruk")
havestue garden room
havde (see "hadde") (archaic)
havn harbor, port
havre oats
hederlig honourable
hedret honoured
hei heath, moor
heia (see "hei")
heieslåtten upland haying
heim home (nn), se also "hjem"
heimangaver (see "medgift")
heime at home (nn)
heimeplassen (see "hjemmplassen")
heimelsbrev document to prove ownership, authority, etc.
heimevernet Home guard (military guard) but not similar to the US National Guard
heimstad (see "hjemsted")
heimtur the journey home
hele whole, entire
hekle crochet
heks witch
hellar (nn)
heller rather
helleristning rock carving
hellig holy
helligdag holiday
helsa (see "helse") (nn)
helse greatings (dialect)
health
hendes (see "hennes") (archaic)
hendes datter (see "hennes datter")
hengt seg hanged him/herself
hennar (see "hennes") (nn)
henlagt put awar, dimissed
henne her
hennes her (iee her children)
hennes datter her daughter
her here
herad (see "herred") (archaic)
heradsskriver district taxation registrar
herkomst ancestry
herlighed (see "herlighet")
herlighet glory
Herr Mr. (salution used in letters. Equal to Mr.)
herredsrett district court
herred municipality and judicial district, now called "kommune" (archaic)
herredstyre (see "kommunestyre")
herregård mansion/estate
Herren God, the Lord
hertugdommene (see "hertugdømmene")
hertugdømmene dutchies
hest horse
hestesele horse's tackle
hestesal hors saddle
heter is named
hexe (see "heks")
hilsen greetings (from)
best regards (from)
hi the other (nn)
hindes datter her daughter
hindes son her son
historie history
hittebarn orphan, foundling
hjeller drying rack for fish
hjelpe help, assist
hjelpepleier Enrolled Nurse
hjem home
hjemme at home
hjemme hos forældrene living at the parents house
Hjemme og Ute At home and abroad
hjemmedobt (see "hjemmedøpt")
hjemmedaabe (see "hjemmedøpt")
hjemmedøpt baptized at home
hjemmehørende residing
hjemmet the home
hjemplassen domicile, the place at home
hjemsted place of residence
hjemv. stays at home
hjernen brain
hjerneblødning stroke, cerebral hemorrhage
hjerneslag stroke
hjernesvulst brain tumor
hjerte heart
hjertefeil heart disease
hjerteinfarkt hart attack, myocardial infarction
hjertesvikt heartfailure
hjertesykdom heartdisease
hjo at (nn)
hjortetakk stag's antler, hartshorn
hjortetakksalt salt of hartshorn, spirit of hartshorn, sal volatile
hjul wheel
hjulbåten the paddleship or the wheelship
hjulmaker wheelwright
hjælpe (see "hjelpe") (archaic)
hjælper Moderen helps the mother
hjå (see "hos") (archaic)
hoire (see "høyre")
hm abbr. for "husmoder"
hmkone (see "husmannskone")
hmd abbr. for "husmand"
hmds abbr. for "husmandssønn"
holde hold, stop
holdmann (see "kårmann")
hor adultery
horn horn
hornskeier spoons of horn
hos with, at
hos foraeldrene (see "hos foreldrene") (archaic)
hos forældrene (see "hos foreldrene") (archaic)
hos foreldrene with the parents
hospital hospital
hospitalgods land belonging to a hospital and leased out to farmers
host (see "høst")
hoste cough
hovedliste census list
hovedpart main part
hovedsakelig mainly, principally
hovedstaden capital, ie Oslo, London
hovudpart (see "hovedpart") (nn)
Hubners geografi Hubner's Geography
hud cow hide
tax on land was often measured in terms of number of hides
huff-da (see "uff-da")
hummelkorn (from Scottish Hummelcorn) korn uten snerp) fellesbetenglse på kornslag som ble regnet som fine; de ble sådd i forholdsvis små mengder og helst ikke brukt i det daglige.
On the westcoast (var det mest bygg og blandkorn) (hamlakorn) som ble klat hummelkorn
On the eastpart (kunne hummekorn betenge både hvete, rug, skall-løst bygg (torekorn) og erter.
hun she
hundre hundred
hus house
hus- og fjøsstel housekeeping and working in the barn
husar, hussar cavalryman
husbestyrerinde housekeeper
husbonde head of household
husbondens sødskende The head of household's siblings
husdyr farm animal,. eg. cattle, horses, etc
huset the house
husejer (see "huseier")
huseier houseowner
huseigar (see "huseier")
husfader the father of the house (the owner of the place)
husfader og fisker head of household and fisherman
huusfader og fisker (see "husfader og fisker"), head of household
Husfaderens
soster logerende Head of household's sister boarder
husflid home craft
husgjerning household, housework
hushjelp housemaid
hushalderske (see "husholderske")
husholdereske (see "husholderske")
husholderske housekeeper
husholdstatus status in houshold
husholdning household
huslyd a family unit living together in a house
husmand med jord (see "husmann med jord")
husmand smed og fisker tenant farmer blacksmith and fish(erman
husmandssønn (see "husmannssønn")
husmand (see "husmann")
husmann cottager, tenant farmer, crofter, smallholder, person who rented a house
with or without a small plot of land on larger farm.
Rent was paid by doing part time work for the farmer.
se also Norwegian farms - some background information
Husmann
"I don't think there is a good English word for 'husmann'. It is variously
defined as cottager, cottier, cottar, crofter and cotter. Most of us use the
word cotter. The term smallholder carries the implication of ownership,
which is far from the husmann's case. Many cotter's places became
smallholdings when the cotter was able to buy it. An tenant farmer is far
too grand for the husmann's position. The husmann was allowed to erect his
house on encumbered land, usually in return for farm labour. Then there is
the problem of 'med jord' and 'uten jord'. Such land as he could use was
essentially for his own domestic need and not farming per se.
(Olav Kringhaug at the Noway-L January 29 2005)"
husmann med jord person (a cottier) who rented a house with smal plot of land on a lager farm
husmann med plads
husmann m j (see "husmann med jord")
husmann uten jord cotter without land
husmann med lidt jord cotter with a small pice of land
husmann u j (see "husmann uten jord")
husm.søn son of a cotter
husm.datter daughter of a cotter
husmannsenke cotter's widow
husmannsfolk cotter who worked for the "gårdmann" in return for (small)
pay and a house and generally a small patch of land for their
own use
husmannskone the wife of a "husmann"
husmannsplass cotter's farm
husmannsseddel written contract between "husman" and the farmer
that he rented from
husmannssønn the son of the tenant farmer, the son of a cotter
husmoder (see "husmor")
husmor housewife, female head of the household
husmorskole home economics school
hustand household
hustuft house site
husstel (see "husstell")
husstell housekeeping
hustru wife (see also "kone")
hustømmermann (see "snekker")
hustømrer house carpenter
huusmand (see "husmann")
hva what
hvad (see "hvad") (archaic)
hval wale
hvalolje waleoil
hvalstasjon Kvalstasjonen på Skorøy
hvem who
hver every
hvilken which
hvis if, whose
hvit white
hvitblakk grå hest a gray dun colored horse
hvor where
hvordan how
hvordan har du det how are you
hvorfor why
hvorfra indflyttet where moved from
hvormed wherewith
hvorvidt whether
hyst (see "gitt husrom")
hytte cabin
hæderlige (see "hederlig") (archaic)
hækle (see "hekle")
hær army
høi (see "høy") (arcahic)
høj (see "høy") (arcahic)
højde (see "høyde") (archaic)
høgde (see "Høyde")
hønseri poultry farm, hennery, chicken farm
høst fall, autumn (the season)
høy tall, high,
hay
høyde hight
høyonne the haying time
høyre right (side)
høve possibility, access
høvleri planing mill
høvedsmann fishingboat master, smack master
hånd hand
håndarbeide handwork, Needlecraft
håndtering occupation
håndlanger assistant, helper, hodman
henchman
håndverk trade, handicraft
håndverker tradesman
håndskrifta the handwriting
håndsverkssvenn journeyman
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
I__________
ikr. abbr. for "ikring"
innrull. abbr. for "innrullert"
ind. abbr. for "inderst"
ibid ibidem, means the same place
i in, within
i går yesterday
i beste fall at best
i så fall if so, if that is the case
i hjel, slå kill
i hvert fall at least
at any rate, at all events, anyhow, in any case
i motsatt fall if not, otherwise
i si tid in his time (nn)
ibid same place (archaic)
iboende Beqvemmelighed by lodger is meant renter of the occupied accomodation
ihvertfal at least
ihjelslagen beaten to death
ikje (see "ikke") (archaic)
ikke not
ikke døpt enda not christening yet, not baptized yet
ikkje (see "ikke") (archaic)
ikring about, approximately
ild fire
ildebrann accidental fire
imellum (see "imellom")
imellom between, among
imidlertid meanwhile
imigrere immigrate
imorgan tomorrow
indebrændt died in a fire
inderst (see "innerst") (archaic)
indeholder (see "inneholder") (archaic)
indgik ægteskab (see "'inngikk ekteskap")
indlæg (see "innlegg") (archaic)
indsee (see "innse") (archaic)
indsidderske a female "inderst" (archaic)
indst (see "innerst") (archaic)
indstrumentmager instrument maker (archaic)
indre inner (as opposet to outher)
indrull enrollment office
indtækt (see "inntekt") (archaic)
infeksjon infection
ingeniør engineer
ingen none
ingensomhelst nonwe what so ever
Introduserte introduced, happened after childbirth
inn in
inne i inside
inneholder contains
innreiing (see "innredning")
innredning furniture, probably mostly of the kind that are fixed parts of the house (built into house)
innerst renter, innermost, lodger on a farm,
se also Norwegian farms - some background information
innerst
inner, inmost, innermost, next to the wall
innerstfolk peolpe living in rented house without any contract of work on the farm, typical a tailer
innfl abbr. for "innflyttet"
innflytte move into
innflyttet moved in (to parish)
innflyttede list of people moving in (in churchbook some records)
innflytning moved in
inngikk ekteskap entered into matrimony, got married
inhabil incompetent, unqualified, disqualified (legal)
innflyttede moving in to the area
inngifte intermarried
inngå enter, go in, enter into
innhegning enclosure, paddock
innhold content
innlagt vatn indoor water installation
innlegg contribution, speech
innløse redeem
innmeldte registering for school
registering for new in the church (in churchbook)
innrullere enlist (military)
innrullert enlisted (military)
innse comprehend, realize
innsitter renter
innsjø lake
inntekt profit, receipt, revenue
income, meaning taxable income, i .e. total income with
the cost of doing whatever you do to make a living subtracted.
(If you run a business, you deduct all business costs. If you are a
wage earner, you still have a lot of interesting deductions, like
the cost of travelling to your job, whatever you pay in interest on loans,
and a host of other, smaller deductions. The whole system is complicated,
but this is the grist of it.) This means that the incomes
you find on the tax returns for each individual, is not what they actually
made, but what they made minus deductions.
inntreder to join, the army or a society.
innvandre immigrate
innvandring immigration
innvie dedicate
inste (see "innerst")
instrumentmager (see "instruentmaker")
instrumentmaker toolmaker
iqvateere lodge, accommodate
intet none
introduceret introduced, after childbirth a woman was considered unclean until she had been "churched"
or introduced to the church again.
The parson met her in the church door and there was a ritual there before she was actually
allowed to step into the house of God. In the records it says things like "Introduceret Ole Olsens qvinde".
invie (see "innvie")
island Iceland
islandsk icelandic
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
J__________
jfr. abbr. for "jevnfør"
Jaegere Elite troops of the army
jaeter (see "gjeter")
jaekteskipper (see "jekteskipper")
jagtliv hunting life
jamfør (see "jevnfør")
jamgodt equivalent to
jamstore equally large
januar January
jeg I
jeger light infantry soldier
hunter, trapper
jekt small cargo boat with half deck and sails
jektefører captain on the "jekt"
jekteskipper skipper of a "jekt" a relatively small sailship, especially used in Northern Norway
jente (see "pike")
jernbane railroad
jernbanearbeider railroad worker
jermbanefullmektig clerical officer, managing clerk at the railroad
jernbaneselskap railroad company
jernbanlæg railroad construction
jernvarer iron items
jernvegsarb. (see "jernbanearbeider")
jernverk iron works, iron mill
jetergut (see "gjetergutt")
jevnfør compare with, see
jevnførelsesliste index, cross-reference in church records
jomfru damsel, Miss
jonsok midsummer day
jord soil, earth, mud
land,
jordakeren (see "jordåkeren")
jordarbeider farmworker, field laborer, agricultuaral worker
jordatausa farmgirl (wench)
Jordbeskrivelse ("earth description" ) geography
jordet (see "jordpåkastelse")
jordboka land register, real estate register, the official land register book if you like
jordbruk farming
jordbruker farmer
jordbruksareal farming area
jordbruksarbeide working on a farm
jordbruksarbeider farm-hand, farm worker
jordbruksområde areas for farming
jordbruksredskap agricultural equipment
jordbruksskole agricultural school
jordbrukstellinga land registration (for taxation)
jorderike the earth, the world
jorbøkene (see "jordbøker")
jordbøker landregisters, real estate registers
jorddrott landlord
jordegods landed property, lands
jordeier landed proprietor, landowner
jordet buried
jordfeste furneral service just after buriel or some times later (see also "jordpåkastelse")
jordfæftelfes (see "jordpåkastelse")
jordfestelse (see "jordpåkastelse")
jordkjellar a separate earth cellar for storing potatoes, etc.
Jordløs husmand Cottar without land
jordmor midwife
jordrotten the landowner,
but usually used to describe someone who owned much land
jordpåkastelse interment
The word "jordfeste" or "jordpåkasting" refers to the priest's blessing
(by tossing soil onto the coffin). Usually this would occur at the same
time as the burial, i.e., the priest would be present at the burial and
toss soil onto the coffin. If, however, the priest was away, it frequently
occurred that the priest would conduct the "jordpåkasting" some time after
the burial. It seems quite odd, however, that the person died 16 Dec 1879
and the "jordfeste" did not occur until 21 Aug 1881. I can't think of any
good explanation for that delay.
(John Follesdal, in epost to Norway-L, Date: Sun, 11 Oct 1998 16:46:48 -0500)
jordpåkasting (see "jordpåkastelse")
jordskatten 1802 landtax of 1802
jordskjelv earthquake
jordskyld rental fee for renting land
jordåkeren farmfield
journalist journalist
jul Christmas
jul i Norge Christmas in Norway
julekake Christmas cake, fruitcake, fruit loaf
juli July
jungmand orinary seaman
juni June
jurist lawyer
jus law
justisråd
jæger (see "jeger")
jævil (see "djevel")
jætergut (see "gjetergutt)
jøde Jew
jøkel glacier
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
K__________
k. abbr. for "kvinne"
k. abbr. for "kone"
kj. abbr. for "kjønn"
kr. abbr. for "kroner"
kl. abbr. for "klokken"
krg. abbr. for "krungods"
krung. abbr. for "krungods"
Kr.a. abbr. for "Kristiania"
K.T.S abbr. for "Kristiania Tekniske skole" = Kristiania Technical School
kaarmand (see "kårmann")
kaaremand (see "kårmann")
kadet cadet (army)
midshipman (navy)
kaffeforretning coffee business/shop
kaffekvern coffee grinder, coffee mill
kaffemaskin coffee machine
kake cake
kakke to knock, to tap
kakse a person with more money than the other around, ieee owner of a big farm
kalde (see " kallet")
kall an old man
calling
give name to
kallar old men
kalle opp etter to be named after
kallet named
kalv calf
Kammerherre honorific similar to kamerraad
kammers small room inside the house
kammeraters comrades
kanskje maybe, perhaps
kantskjaerer edge sawyer, in a sawmill
kapell chapel
kapelan curate, celric who assists the priest, deacom
The head of a sub-parish (sogn). *) Be aware of
that the words "Prestegjeld" and "Sogn" both are translated by the word "parish".
kaptein captain
kar man, chap, fellow
karakter grad, marks
karetmaker coach builder
karl (see "kar")
kart map
kasserer treasuerer
katedral cathedral
katolsk Catholic
kavl a float made of wooden or glas (on fishing net)
kavaleri cavalry
kaveringsmenn (see "forlovere")
kavring rusk
kemner town treasurer
kikhoste whooping cough
kilde source
kilder sources
kinn cheek
kirke church
kirkebok parish register, see parish registers (John Follesdal)
and The oldest church registers in Norwegian parishes
kirkegods land belonging to the church and leased out to farmers
kirkegård cemetary
kirkejordet churchfield or also the field bolingen to the church, used by a farmer
kirkemand "church man"
kirkesanger church singer
kirkeverge church warden
kirkeværge (see "kirkeverge")
kirug surgeon
kirugi surgery
kirurgisk surgical
kiste chest, box
coffin (for dead bodies), log box (slang)
kje kid, young goat
kjelarb. (see "kjeldearbeider")
kjelearbeider boilermaker
one who makes industrial tanks/boilers at factory
kjelde (see "kilde")
kjemiingeniør chemical engineer, chemical scientist
kjerring (see "wife")
kjerringa (see "wife")
kjerringer (see "wifes")or wives
kjennskap knowledge
kjent known
kjevhendt lefthanded
kjevle rolling pin
roll out
kjole dress
kjorekar (see "kjørekarl") (archaic)
kjønn sex, gender
kjær beloved, dear
kjærke (see "kirke) (archaic)
kjærkejordet (see "kirkejordet) (archaic)
kjøkken kitchen
kjøpe buy
kjøpte purchased
kjøpmand (see "kjøpmann") (archaic)
kjøpmann merchant
kjøpstad city/town with merchant privileges, often a small town
kjørekarl driver (of a horse) (archaic)
kjøregut driver (boy) (archaic)
klengenavn nickname
klart clear
klarte manage
klede (cloth) fine wool quality
kleder (see "kler") (archaic)
kler clothing
klimaanlegg air conditioner/conditioning
klippfisk splitted, salted cod, dried in the midnightsun on the rocks (old version), see also "tørrfisk"
klokka (see "klokke")
klokken er the time is, iee at 12 o'clock
klokker sexton, parish clerk
bell ringer, deacon
klokkerbok duplicate of the "kirkebok" maintained by the "klokker"
kloster convent, monastery
klostergods land owned by a monastary and leased out to farmers
klær (see "kler")
knapp button
scant, scanty, short
kniff knife (archaic)
kobber (see "kopper")
koffardifart merchant service
koffardikaptein merchant ship captain
koffert suitcase, trunk
kokk cook
koldbrand gangrene
kolera cholera
kolik constipation
kollega colleague
kolonialbutikk general store, grocery
kolonne column
kommune (område) municipality, local government
(generellt) local authority, local council
(bykommune) country borough, council
Norway is divided as Norway - fylke - kommune
USA is divided as USA - State - counties
municipality, township or what ever :=)
(US) township
(Oslo - ) The City of Oslo (NB: Oslo is also "fylke")
kommunearbeider local government employee/worker
municipal employee, municipal worker
kommunearkiv archive in the Local community/township
kommunestyre local council
kommunikanter attendants at Holy communion
kompanjong business partner
konditor confectioner
konditori partry-shop, confectioner's shop
konduite (see "snarrådig")
konduktør railway conductor
kone wife
konens the possesive form og "kone"
konens søster the wife's sister
konferer compare
konfirmant confirmand, candidate for confirmation
konfirmasjon confirmation
(jødisk) bar mitzvah
konfirmerte confirmed
konge king
kongen befaler mohter may I (game)
kongebrev royal document
kongedomme kingdom
kongelig royal
kongeskoyte (see "kongeskjøte")
kongeskjøte official (king's) deed
Kongl. Bevilling Royal approval (not by the king himselv, but needed a government acceptence for some reason)
konkurs bankruptcy
konsistorialraadinde woman married to consistorial councillor, an honorific devoid of real meaning
konstituert deputy, acting as
konsulent consultant
kontingent contingent
kontor office
kontorbetjent (see "kontorist")
kontorfullmektig head clerk
kontormann (see "kontorist")
kontormaskin business machine, office machine
kontorist office clerk
kontorsjef head of an office, head clerk, office manager
kontrakt contract, agreement
kontrastevne sue against
kontrollør controller, inspector, supervisor
konvensjonen convention, custom
kopi copy
koppeattest smallpox vaccination certicate
koppeinnpodning inoculation with the smallpox vaccine
kopper smallpox,
copper
kopperkjele copper kettle
koppskatt (in 1645) poll taxis to be understood as a tax for each "head" in the household.
Comes from the German word Kopf - meaning head.
(they had a more lyrical approach in the naming of taxes).
korn grain
korporal corporal
korskirke cruciform church
kort short, card
korthet vrevity, briefness, shortness
kort register card index
kostelev boarder
kpl (see "kapell")
krampe convulsions
kranfører crane operator, cranedriver, craneman
kreatur cattle, live stock
kreaturhandel livestock trading
kreaturhold animal husbandry, keeping cattle
kreaturstell cattle tender
kreft cancer
kremmer shopkeeper
krets district
circuit
constituency
kreve demand
krig war
krigens udbrud war's outbreak
krigsberedskap war preparation or readiness
Krigsassessor assessor military judge
krigsfange prisoner of war
krigskomm war commission
krigsministeren Secretary of Defence, Minister of War
krigsskatt in 1713 war tax
krigsårene war years
kristendomskundskab Religion
Kristendommens kjerne Christendom's Essence
kristna (see "kristnet") (nn)
kristne baptized
kristne tidsalder the Christian times
Kristiania Oslo (Oslo was named Kristiania until 1925)
kroner money (monetary units)
krongods land belonging to the king and leased ou to the farmers
krumkaker krumbcakes, wafer cone
krungods (see "krongods") (archaic)
krupp croup
kræmmer (see "kremmer")
kræatur (see "kreatur") (archaic)
kræaturrøgt (see "kreaturstell") (archaic)
krøllalfa curling alpha = @
kryssbytte cross exchange
krøpling crippled
krøtter (see "kreatur")
krøtterhandel (see "kreaturhandel")
ku cow
ku-leie cow rent (Farmers sometimes put their cattle on another farmers land for tending and pasture, for which a fee was charged)
kubbestol a chair produced from one piece of wood
kuld (see "kull")
kulhugger coal miner
kull coal
kullarbeider worker in a coal yard
kullbrenner charcoal burner/maker of charcoal
kuldbærer (see "kullbærer")
kullbærer coal porter, carryer. a man in old days that did unload a coal ship or worked in a coal yard.
Kullharker jernverksarbeider
kulltomte (see "kullarbeider")
kulturbeite cultivated / enclosed pasture
kulturhus for bydelen social centre for the neighbourhood
kumle potato dumplings
kun only
kunngjøre declare
kunnskap knowledge
kunstdreier lathe operater for artistic work
kur paa sygehuuset under treatment in hospital
kurv basket
kurvmaker basket maker
kusine cousin (female)
kusk coachman, teamster
kvart quarter
kvartermester chief petty officer
Kvartformat quarto (larger) format
kveg cattle
kveite halibut
kvele choke
kveld evening
kveldsstellet evening preparation
kvell (see "kveld")
kven Norwegian minority people originally from finland who settled ( mostly) in the north of Norway from the beginning of the 1700s and onwards
kvern mill, grinding mill
(see also "kaffe kvern")
kvige heifer that is expecting a calf
kviger heifers
kvinde (see "kvinne") (archaic)
kvindeligt håndarbeide female handwork, needlework
kvinne woman
kvinner women
kvindkjønn (see "kvinnekjønn") (archaic)
kvinnekjønn female sex
kvæn (see "kven")
kværn (see "kven")
kyllinger chickens
kyr cattle, more than one cow
kyrkje (see "kirke") n.n.
kyrkjegods (see "kirkegods")
kyrkjetuft church site
kystvakt coastguard
kæmner (see "kemner")
kåpe cloak, coat, overcoat.
kår support received after giving one's estate to another
[When a son took over the farm (with all responsibilities) usually some sort of agreement
was made with his parents. One part of the agreement was how his parents should be taken
care of. Depending on the size of the farm they could be well off or not.
One (or more) cows, some sheep, flour, potatoes etc. per year, plus somewhere to live on the
farm. Some money per year might be in the deal as well, and in some cases one or two of the
people working on the farm were designated to the older couple - often part-time.
Often the older ones had to move into a "kårstue / kårstugu". "Stugu" = house, smaller than
the main house.
The young wife took over the responsibilities in the house, including the running of
servants etc. and all the keys from the older wife.
The takeover could be done early or late in the people's life. For some "oldies" it was nice
to leave the responsibilities to a young, thrifty couple, while in other cases the old husband
and his wife stuck to their rights as long as possible.
For such a young couple, living with parents and father/ mother in law year after year without
much to say, the quality of life and marriage might suffer a lot! (after Kjell Hernes on NORWAY-L)]
kårytelse (old style) retirement pension
kårfolk elderly couple who is supported by "kår"
kårhus house on the farm where the "kårfolk" live
kårkone woman who receives "kår"
kårmand (see "kårmann")
kårmann man who receives "kår",
retired farmer living on his own farm
with accomodation and support provided
by the new owner of the farm, especially
a son providing for his father
kårstue house on a farm where the "kårfolk" is living
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
L__________
l. abbr. for "laup"
ld. abbr. for "lodd"
lnr. abbr. for "løpenummer"
lsk. abbr. for "landskyld"
ltn. abbr. for "løytnant"
lpd abbr. for "lispund" ca 9kg
la let, allow
ladet (see "la")
laegd (see "lægd")
lagerarbeider warehouseman
lagrettemann court member
lagretten court
laks salmon
lam lamb
land country
property
landbruk agriculture
landbrukstekniker farm engineer
landbruksmaskiner agricultural machines
landet rural area
"i landet" = 'in the nation' (in Norway, France, USA etc.)
"på landet" = 'in the countryside'
"ute av landet" = 'abroad'
landhandel general store
landhandler rural store owner
landhandlerske female village shopkeeper
landsby rural village
landsfogd county police commissioner
landskyld yearly fee for leasing land
real estate tax
landeværn (see "landvern") (archaic)
landvern militia
local defence consisting of "older" soldiers who had finished their mandatory military service http://www.stud.ifi.uio.no/~oddharry/dsfmc/kategorier.html
langeleik Pictures and information about Langeleik
langfredag Good Friday
langt ned i tida far back in time
lapskaus lobscouse, (UK) stew, hot pot
lapskauskjøtt stewing meat
lasaron tramp, bum
Laud first class in university exams, "Laudabilis" means "Praiseworthy"
laug guild
Laugardag the day for having a bath
(see "lørdag")
laugrettet lagretten
laugverge widows gaurdian/spokesman
laup old measurement
Laurdag (see "laugardag") (archaic)
lausfunn a stray find, a find without context
lausunge child born out of wedlock (somewhat rude expression)
lav low, shallow
lavere lower, inferior
lefse old measurement
legd welfare, military levying dist.
lege doctor, physician
legehjelp physician assistant
legermål (see "leiemål")
legermaal (see "leiemål")
legemsvakhet infirmity
legdslem welfare recipient
legdeslem (see "legdslem")
legdsmann a man looking after the military equipment (archaic)
legdsbarn (see "legdsbarn")
legg merke til notice
leie hire, rent
leieboer tenant
leier tenant
leilending lease holder tenant farmer
see also Norwegian farms - some background information
leilænding (see "leilending") (archaic)
lejermål (see "leiemål")
leiermål (see "lejermål") (archaic)
leiemål illicit and punishable
sexual intercourse between unmarried persons
lekmann lay preacher
lendemann/lendmann These terms were used in medieval times (11th - 13th century) and were titles denoting nobility. The 'lend(er)mann' was receiving taxes from the king's landed properties and was often used as an advisor by the king. He ranked after duke and earl.
lenge long
lenke chain
chain, fetter, link
lensmann sheriff
lensmannsskjønn administratively-decided case of appraisement
lenstid feudal age
lensvesen feudalism
lese read
lett hovud light brain, easily to learn
leve live
levende live, living
lever av occupation, source of income
lever af sine midler lives of their own means (savings)
liig (see "lik")
Liigprædiken burial sermon when the parson tells about the deceased
eulogy
lik courpse
alike, equal
dead body
likeledes also, as well
likrøver grave robber
likte liked
likningsgrunnlag assessment basis
lille small
liste list
listenr (see "listenummer")
listenummer listnumber
lite (litt) little
liten small
litt little
liv life
bodice (e.g. liv, kjoleliv, underliv, snøreliv)
livlig spirited
livrente annuity, life annuity
livrett favourite, favorite dish
livsarving heir, heir of the body, issue
livsfange life prisoner
livøre (see "føderåd")
livøremann (see "kårmann")
ljus (see "lys")
lodd old measurement (1 lodd = 14.6246 grams)
loftskammer attic room
logerende (see "losjerende")
logie (see "losji")
logivært (see "losjivert")
lok-fører (see "lokomotivfører")
lokomotiv locomotive
lokomotivfører locomotive driver, (locomotive) engineer, train driver
los pilot (ship)
losoldermand pilot master (ship)
losjerende lodger
losjerende,
hører til fam lodger who is related to the family
losji lodging, lodgings
losjivert the owner of rooms for rent
lov law
lovlig legal, permitted
lovtale eulogy
lue cap
lukket seng an inbuilt bed - with doors.
lunge lungs
lungebetendelse pheumonia or inflammation
lungetuberkulose pulmonary tuberculosis
lur Pictures and information about Munnharpe (Lur (alphorn))
luteraner Lutheran
lutefisk Lutefisk from scratch, Make your own lutefisk, Lutefisk
lut part (nn)
lys light
lyse pengemangel declare lack of money/funds
"When a person had allodial rigths (= odelsrett) to buy a farm, this should
be done before a certain length of time.
If he declared "lack of funds" he was given a longer time to take over the
farm and pay for it. The limit was 10 years and the right could be used 6 times
The institute of "lack of funds) was already found in Magnus Lagabøter's (=
Lawmender) landslov in 1274 and was also a part of Christian IVs Lawbook of 1604.
The "lack of funds" institute was changed in 1771 to a maximum of 15 years
and could only be used once and disappeared in 1821. (Jan Edvardsen - NO-2656 Follebu 22 Aug 2004)"
lysning post banns, reading of wedding banns in church
lægdsbarn welfare recipient (child)
lægdslem welfare recipient
læge (see "lege")
lækjarhjelp (see "legehjelp")
læregutt apprentice
lærer teacher (male)
Eaarlier there was a different in use, but nobody will use this distinction
anymore. All persons employed in the teaching business are referred to as
"lærer", which is seen as a neutral word, not gender specific.
lærarinne (see "lærerinne")
lærerinne teacher (female)
lærerindeskole teachers school
lærling apprentice, assistant
løbenummer (see "løpenummer")
løbing diarrhea
løitnant (see "løytnant")
løpenr. (see "løpenummer")
løpenummer serial number, parcel number, sequential number
The term refers to the matrikkel (property register) of 1838,
which was in use until it was replaced by a new matrikkel in 1889.
In the new register the more familiar terms "gnr" (gårdsnummer) and "bnr" (bruksnummer) were introduced.
lørdag Saturday
løsaktig loose or immoral woman
løsarbeider day laborer
løse pay off mortgage on land
to buy out co-owners of land
release
løse folck (see "løsarbeider")
løskarl free hand, takes any jobb that comes along
løsningsrett reight of repurchase
løsøre chattels, movables, goods, personal property
løyse (see "løse")
løytnant lieutenant
låve barn, grain el. hay barn
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
M__________
m. abbr. for "mann"
m.a. abbr. for "med annet"
m.v. abbr. for "med vidare"
matr. abbr. for "matrikkel"
mk. abbr. for "mark"
mmb. abbr. for "månadsmatabot"
mnr abbr. for "matrikkelnummer"
mage stomach
magebetennelse gastritis
magekatarr gastric catarrh
magekrampe stomach cramp
magesyke diarrhea, stomach ailment
magesyre stomach ulcer, gastric ulcer
magesår stomach ulcer, gastric ulcer
magistrat town administrator (archaic)
mai May
mai maize, Indian corn
major major, squadron leader
makaskifte exchange/swap of real estate
maken the equal, the match
makt sway, power
male to paint
to grind as in a grist mill
maler painter
malersv (see "malersvenn")
maleri painting
malersvend painter journeyman
malm ore
malmlaster ore loader
mandens moder his mother (the mans mother)
mand (see "mann") (archaic)
mandens stiff moder the lady married to his father after that the father 1st wife is dead
mandens søstersøn the nephew (sister's son) of the man
mandag Monday
mandkjønn (see "mannkjønn") (archaic)
mange many
mangletre mangle
mann man, husband
mannkjønn male sex
mannlige masculine
manntall Norwegian Census Records (John Føllesdal)
marine navi
mark field
old measurement (1 mark = 0.25 kg)
marklag old measurement
markere seg proved to be
Marmorverk limestone quarry (might be located to Indre Hop, Fana, Bergen)
mars, marts March
maskin engine, machine
maskenist engineer
Masovnarbeider blast furnace worker.
mat food
matrikkel land register
cadaster, cadastral
farm lists
tax lists for farms
Land records - some background information (John Follesdal)
matrikkelnummer number in the land register/roll
matrikkelskyld rural land tax
matros sailor
magebetendelse (see "magebetennelse")
mavebetennelse (see "magebetennelse")
mavekatarr (see "magekatarr")
mavesyke (see "magesyke")
mavesår (see "magesår")
med with
med annet among other things
med videre et cetera, and so on
medbragt brought with
medeier partner/joint owner
medf moderen accompanies her mother
medgift dowry
gifts from the father of the bride the new household. I'm sure there must be an English term for it, but I don't know it.
medhjelper assistant, helper
medlem member
medlemmer members
medmenneskeligheten human being fellowship
meg me
megler mediator, negotiator
stockbroker (aksjemekler)
eal estate broker (eiendomsmegle)
meis rucksack frame, willow basket
titmouse
mekaniker mechanic
mekler (see "megler")
mel flour
meldt reported
melis (US) confectioner's sugar
icing sugar, powdered sugar
melk milk
mellom middle
mellombygning middle building
mellomnamn midle name
men but
menig soldier with rank of private
menighet (see "sogn")
menighedslemmer member of the parish, members of the congregation
menn men
mennesker persons
mer more, additional
merker old measurement
merkes noticed
merknad comments, remarks, annotation
meslinger measles
messingsmed brazier, brass smith
messingknapper brass buttons
mester master (of a trade)
mestermann (see "bøddel")
midlertidig temporarily
midlertidig bosted preliminary place of residence
midnatt midnight
Mikkersdag St Michaels Mass, 29th of September, usually a day for paying taxes
mil metric mile (10 kilometers)
militær military
Militære ruller military rolls (or register)
min mine (possessive)
mindesmærket (se "minnesmerke)
mindre lesser
mindreårig underage
minearbeider miner
Ministerialbok Churchbook written by the clergyman/pastor, see also "klokkerbok"
minnesmerke monument
minnetavle memorial plaques
minste smallest, youngest
minutt minute
misjonær missionary
mjøl (see "mel")
mod (see "mot")
moder (see "mor") (archaic)
modedame egen f "fashion lady" with her own business
modtagen (see "mottatt")
modtog received
mol (see "mål")
montør fitter
mor mother
mord murder
morfar maternal grandfather
morgen morning
morild phosphorescence (of the sea)
mork sirap (see "mørk sirup")
mormor maternal grandmother or mother's mother
mormoder (see "mormor")
moro fun
morsarv maternal inheritance
morsysteri mothers sister
moster aunt (mother's sister)
mot against
toward
courage
moteforretning milliner's shop, (small) boutique
motet the courage
motorbåt motor boat
motta receive
mottatt received, accepted
Munnharpe Pictures and information about Munnharpe (jaw harp or jew's harp)
mundtlig (see "muntlig")
muntlig verbal, oral, reading
murarbeider (see "murer")
murer mason, bricklayer
musiker musician
mye much
mykje (see "mye")
myndig of age
myte myth
mægler (see "megler")
møbel furniture
møblar furniture
møblane the furniture
møbelsnekker furniture maker
møbeltapetserer furniture upholsterer
mølle mill, grinder
møller miller
møllearbeider worker at a mill
mønstre av sign off from crew's list (maritime)
mønstre på sign onto crew's list (maritime)
mørk dark
mørk sirup molasses (dark syrup)
mål 1 mål = 1 dekar = 1000 m2. (Norwegian system of land area measurement. One "mål" is approximately ¼ of and acre)
måling measurement
målstevne Short it is the designation on a specific discussion and negotiating meeting. The word was often ulised in old lawtext from the medieval. Often used
as synonym to gathering
måned month
måneds months, monthly
månadsmatleige old measurement
månadsmatabol (see "månedsmatleige")
måneskinn moonlight
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
N__________
n. abbr. for "navn"
N.S.B (see "Norges statsbaner") (abbr.)
nsj. abbr. for "nasjonalitet"
naadegaveerne (see "nådegavene")
naar (see "når") (archaic)
naar afreist date of departure (archaic)
nabo neighbor
nadverd (see "nattverd")
nagle rivet, spike
naglet til stolen he sat as nailed to the chair
namn (see "navn")
nasjonalitet nationality
natt night
nattverd Holy communion, communion, sacrament
Naturkundskab Natural science
naust boat-house
nausttuft boathouse site
naut cattle
navn name
ned down
nedennvnte mention below
nedre lower
nedrustning disarmament
nedbrent burnt down
nedbør precipitation
nei no
nemne (see "nevne")
nemnt (see "nevnt")
nervefeber is a medical expression that was used in the 1800s for the diseases today called typhoid and paratyphoid fever.
nest second, e.g. second oldest son
neste next, neighbor
neste år next year
nettoformue net property
nettopp just
nevne mention
nevnt mentioned
nevø nephew
ni nine
niende ninth
niese niece
nitten nineteen
nittende nineteenth
nitti ninety
nittiende ninetieth
nodebruk (see "notfiske")
nokon (see "noen")
noen some, any, someone, something
nok enough
nokre (see "noen") (nn)
nord north
nordstua north cottage
Nordstjerneorden Order of the North Star
nordre northern
Norges Bank The National Bank of Norway
Norges Statsbaner National Railway of Norway
norsk mundtlig Norwegian reading
norsk skriftlig Norwegian writing
noter notes
notfiske seining
november November
NSB (see "Norges Statsbaner")
nu (see "når")
nuhavende (see "nåværende")
nulevende (see "nålevende")
nummer number
nuværende present
ny new
nyder almisse gets charity
nyder vildkaar a person receiving pension paid by a new owner of land to the former owner
nyfødt newborn
nylig lately
nytaar (see "nyttår")
nyttår new year
nær near, close
nærast (see "nermest")
nærmest nearest, close to
næringsvei livelihood, trade
nærvefeber (see "nervefeber")
nå now
nådegaver mercies
nådegavene gifts og grace
nådeløs merciless, ruthless
nålevende living
når when, if, reach
nåværende present
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
O__________
o.s.v. abbr. for "og så videre"
etc
odg. abbr. for "odelsgutt"
odj. abbr. for "odelsjente"
odr. abbr. for "odelsrett"
oberst colonel
ode (see "øde")
odegard (see "ødegard")
odel birthright, alludial ownership
odelsberettiget freehold right
odelsbonde freeholder, allodialist
odelsgutt oldest son who had right to inherit the farm
odelsgård freehold farm, ancestral farm, allodium, see Norwegian skifter -- Probate Records (John Follesdal)
odelsjente oldest daughter who had right to inherit the farm,
if there was no sons
odelsrett allocial right for the oldest child to inherit the parents' farm
offentlig public, official
ofte often
og and
og så videre and so on
oktober October
okse bull, bullock, ox (pl: oxen)
oldebarn great-grandchild (doesn't distinguish between son or daughter)
oldefar great-grandfather
oldeforeldre great-grandparents
oldemor great-grandmother
om if, about
om året per year; every year (during the year would be "i løpet av året")
ombudsmann trade-union representative
omegn neighboring places
surrounding, the area aournd
omgangs skolelærer circuit teacher
(Teachers in early days moved from farm to farm, staying for about a week on each
and teach the local children)
omgående omvandrende, means travelling ( or intinerant)
Prompt or Immediate
omkom died with accident
omkomme died, killed
omkring approximately
omlag see ("omkring")
omordn. abbr. for "omordning"
omordning reorganization
omreisende handelskarl travelling salesman
omstendigheterne circumstances
omtrent about, almost, nearly, approximately
omvandrende (see "omgående" 1. line)
omvendelse conversion
onkel uncle
onne the reasons where work is done
onnetider, iee høyonna harvest hay
onsdag Wednesday
opdrage (see "oppdra") (archaic)
opdrages (see "oppdras") (archaic) being raised (as a fosterchild)
opg. = "oppgitt" reported, Information given by
(often used in connection with parents information about child out-of wedlock)
oph. (see "opphold")
ophold (see "opphold")
opkrevd collected
opløst disbanded, demobilized
opmerksomheten (see "oppmerksomheten")
opstandelse (see "oppstandelse")
opp up
oppe above, upstairs
oppdra bring up, educate, rear
oppdras is being brought up
oppfostre foster, to rear
oppfødd hjå raised by
oppført listed
oppgitt stated
oppgiven (see "oppgitt") (archaic)
opphav origin
opphold hos stay with
oppholsted residence
oppholt stayed at
oppløst ekteskap dissolved marriage
opplysninger information
oppmerksomheten the attention
oppmuret Grav a grave that was built of stones, a sort of grave chamber
oppositionell contradictory
opprinnelig original, natural
opprinnelse origin
opprørene rioters, mutineers
oppsitjar (see "oppsitter") (nn)
oppsitter occupant, leaseholder, tenant farmer
Oppstandelse resurrection (from the death)
excitement, hubbub, stir
excitement, stir, ado
commotion
fuss
oppsynsmann supervisor / inspector / attendant / warden
oppsynssjef head of the patrol
opptegnelse record
oppvakt britght, intelligent
oppvaksen grown up (nn)
oppvoksen grown up
oprorenes (see "opprørene")
opsidder (see "oppsitter)
opslager was the assistant of the blacksmith, handling the sledge.
opsynsmand (see "oppsynsmann")
opsynsmann (see "oppsynsmann")
opsynschef (see "oppsynsjef")
optiker optician
orcanen (see "orkanen")
ordbok dictionary
ordforklaring the explanation of the words
ordfører mayor
ork effort, strain
orkan hurricane
orkanen the hurricane
spokesman (for some cause, organisation,etc)
orkester orchestra
orlogsteneste Navy service
orm maggot
ornament ornament
os smoke, strong odour, reek
mouth of a river, outlet
oss us
ostehøvel cheese slicer
ostekake cheesecake
osteklokke cheese-dish with cover
osteløype rennet
ostesmørbrød varmt oste, cheeseburger
ostre (see "østre")
ottringsbåt (see "åttringsbåt")
over over
overdragelsen the conveyance, the delegation
overingeniør chief engineer
overlegne haughty, superior
overlate transfer ownership, assign
overlevende survivors
overnevntes previously named (named above)
overskrift headlines
overstaaende mention above
overstroken i liste has been struck off the list
overstroket (see "overstrøket")
overstryke cross off
overstrykning crossing out, deletion
overstrøket crossed out
overtredelse transgression
ovre (see "øvre")
overvar was present
overvære be present at, attend (fx the ceremony)
Ox (see "okse")
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
P__________
pants. abbr. for "pantsette"
pd. abbr. for "pund"
pg. abbr. for "pige"
pk. abbr. for "pike"
prb. abbr. for "prestebol"
prgj. abbr. for "prestegjeld"
paaliggende (see "pålagt")
paaske (see "påske")
paaskjønnelse (see "påskjønnelse")
pagina (Latin) page
paktar (see "forpakter")
pakkhusarbeider warehouse worker
pallemanckes skiørt (Kalemankes skiørt) silken skirt, the surface of the silk cloth was cured with fir juice to achieve a special effect
pant mortage, collateral for a loan
pantebok mortgage record
a chronological protocol where deeds,
contracts and other documents of juridical
and ecomoic importance for the farms in
a parish/kommune where recorded or referred
pantepengene the mortgange money
panteregister an index to a "pantebok" where the
information is ordered by farm number
pantsette mortage, give as collateral for a loan
parsell plot of land
part part
parykkmaker wigmaker
pastor vicar, minister
pave pope
penger money
pengemangel scarcity of money
pengenød need for money
pension (se "pensjon")
pensjon pension
pensjonering retirement
pensjonær boarder
pensjonist retired person
pention (see "pensjon")
pepperkaker gingerbread cookies, gingersnap
pepper pepper
pepperbøsse pepperbox
pergament parchment, vellum
perle pearl
permisjon leave of absence
permitert be on leave
person person
personnr persons number
pest plague
pige (see "pike") (archaic)(danish)
pike girl, maid
umarried female
female domestic servant
pikebarn female child
pikenavn maiden name
pinse Pentecost, Whitsun, Whit Sunday
pk. abbr. for "pike"
p. abbr. for "pike" (often for unmarried female)
planlegging planning, organizing
plante plant
plads (see "husmannsplass") (archaic)
pladsbrugerske female user of the farm
pladsmandsdatter the daughter of a cottar
pladsmannsson (see "husmannsønn") (archaic)
plassmannssønn (see "husmannsønn") (archaic)
plass (see "husmannsplass")
plassen ble nedlagt farm remained neglected or vacant (in other words no one took it over at that time)
plassmann (see "husmann")
platearbeider sheet metal worker
pleie nursing, care
look after, nurse, take care of
be accustomed, be used to
pleie- og aldershjem nursing and old people's home
pleiebarn (see "foster barn")
pleiedtr (see "pleiedatter")
pleiedatter foster daughter
pleiefar foster father
pleieforeldre foster parents
pleiemor foster mother
pleiehjem nursing home
pleieassistent nursing assistant, care assistant
pleiepersonale nursing staff
pleiestiftelse nursing home or orphanage, depending on other information in the context. An institution where care and attention was given to persons who needed it. It is an old-fashioned word, not used in Norwegian anymore. The word gives a hint of charity.
pleiesønn (see "foster son")
plejesøn (see "pleiesønn") (archaic)
plog a plow
politi police
politiker politician
polske Polish
post mail
postaabner (see "poståpner")
postbud (see "postmann")
postfart served the postdistribution
postkonvensjen postal practices agreement
postmann mailman, mail carrier
postmester postmaster
poststyrer postmaster on a small postoffice
poståpner the person who takes care of the mail on a small rural place
potet potato
pottemaker potter
praktstykke (see "prakteksemplar")
prakteksemplar magnificent specimen
predike preacher
preses pesident, chairman
prest minister, priest, clergyman
prestebol land belonging to a parish, usually refers to the farm house
where the priest lived (the vicarage)
prestegaard (see "prestegård")
Prgj. abbr. for Prestegjeld
prestegjeld clerical district, parish; see The Norwegian Church
several "prestegjeld" makes one "prosti"
A ecclesiastical district of administration
which comprises two or more sub-parishes ("sogn"), headed by a rector.
prestegård minister's farm and farmhouse
preussiske Prussian
prins prince
prinsesse princess
privat private
privatlaerer (see "privatlærer")
privatlærer private teacher, tutor
privet toilet
producerede produced
prost dean besides being a parish clergy, senior rector, senior priest who supervised the priests in the subparishes
prosti Several "prosti" make one "bispedømme"
protokoll minutes, written log
provst (see "prost")
præst (see "prest")
præstegjeld (see "prestegjeld")
pund old measurement 1 pund = 6 kilogram
pølsemaker sausage maker
pølsemagersvend journeyman to a sausage maker
på on, at, upon
på 1700-tallet in the 1700's
påført added
pålagt imposed
påske Easter
påskebrun easter tan
påskjønnelse acknowledgement, appreciation, bonus, reward
påskudd pretext, pretence, excuse
påtegnet annotated
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Q__________
quinde (see "kvinne") (archaic)
quinder (see "kvinner") (archaic)
Qvindemennske female people
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
R__________
radiotelegrafist radio operator, wireless operator
rbdl. abbr. for "riksbankdalar"
rdl. abbr. for "riksdalar"
randet striped
rasande furious
realeksamen (might bee "realskoleeksamen"
realskole secondary school, junior hight school
realskoleeksamen now called "ungdomsskoleenksamen (10th grade); "equal" to the English "lower secondary school"
realregister real estate rigistry
redaktør chief editor
rederi shipline
redningskoite (see "redningsskøyte")
redningsskøyte lifeboat, rescue boat, rescue vessel
redningssentral rescue centre, rescue co-ordination centre
US: rescue center, rescue coordination center, rescue operations center
Redningstjenesten Rescue Service
redningsvest life jacket, safety jacket, safety vest
regimentsfeldtskær Regimental Field Surgeon
regimentkameater regimental comrades/colleagues
regiment kvartermester regimental quarter master, an officer in charge of supplies.
register index, register
registrert registered
regjering government
regning bill
Regning do arithmetic/mathematical
regnskap account
reinsdyr reindeer
reise to travel
raise (reise et spørsmål = raise a question)
to erect
get up (reise seg)
a journey
reisedato departure date
reisemål destination
reiser til sin mand travel to her husband
reisetill. permission to travel i.e. emigrate
rejese (see "reise")
rekke row, line
reach
rekkje (see "rekke")
rekning arithmetic. math
rekna arithmetic, math
reknast accounted as
rektor headmaster, school principal
religion religion
reluitionsretten (see "gjenskjøpsretten")
rengjøring cleaning
rennende running as in "running water"
rentenist rentier, person of independent means
reparatør repairer, mender, repairman
representant representative
repslager ropemaker
resterende the remaining
restparten the remaining portion
restsattt tax due
rett court
right, correct
rettferdig just, righteous
rettsak law suit
rettsleg legal
revisor auditor
ridder knight
ride ride
rig (see "rik") (archaic)
rik wealthy
rikeste mann the richest man
riksbankdalar old measurement
riksdalar old measurement
Rikstrygdeverket Norwegian State Social Security Office
riktig correct
ridende se rennende
ring poor quality, used to describe filds
ring
ring inntekt poor income
Ritmester (see "Rittmester")
Rittmester Cavalry Captain
rode (see "rote")
roeskarl (see "roerskarl")
roerskarl oarsman, row-man
rokk Spinning wheels, see Spinning wheels
rorbu fishermen's cabins
rotbryter (see "stubbebryter")
rote smallest subdivision of a conscription district
a group of farms which kept up a section of the road by work in kind; the section of the road itself
rug rye (the grain)
rulle list, roll
rumpetroll tadpole, baby frogs
rundt around
rutebil bus, coach
rydning clearing
rydningsrøyser pile of stone on a clearing (the clearing being made by placing the stones in piles
rykke advance (also other meanings depending on context)
rytter cavalryman
rømme run away, desert, escape, leave, quit
rømmegrøt cream pudding
røttene roots
rørlegger plumber
røykstove smoke house (mostly used for smokin (curing) meat and fish), but also a the room in the house (stue) where the mans retired after dinner to have their sigaretts.
røys stone pile, heap of stones
råd advice
råde bygselen decide the renting
rådhus city hall
rådmann councilman
rådstuearkiv local courts archive /courthouse archive
rå for be master of, have control of
rår present tense of the verb "rå"
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
S__________
s. abbr. for "sønn" or "samme", depending on context
s.å. abbr. for "samme år"
sk. abbr. for "skøyte"
skld. abbr. for "skylddalar"
skill. abbr. for "skilling"
skmk. abbr. for "skyldmark"
spd. abbr. for "speciedalar"
St. abbr. for "Sancte"
s.k. abbr. for "såkalt"
sa said, stated
sabbat Sabbath
sadelmagerlærling saddlemaker's apprentic
saeter (see "seter")
sag saw
sagde (see "sa")
sagen the saw
(see "saken")
sagarbeider working at a sawmill
sagbruk sawmill
sagbrukseier sawmill owner
sagbrugsarbeider sawmill worker
sagmester master sawmiller
sagnet legend, myth
saken the case
sakfører (see "advorkat")
salig deceased, holy, blessed
salmaker saddle maker
salmebok hymn book
salt salt
sambo monoecious, synoecious
(see "samboer")
samboende cohabiting
samboer cohabitee, common law wife/husband
live-in (boyfriend/girlfriend)
samboerforhold equal to "non-marital" or "extra-marital cohabitation"
common-law marriage
sambt together with
same same
a Lapp (nomadic people in nothern Norway)
sammets certain quaity of silk
samfunn society
samisk Lapp (nomodic people in northern Norway)
samleie intercourse
samman together (nn)
sammanboende (see "sambo")
samme same
samme dag the same day
samme år same year
sammen together
sammested same place
samstundes same time
samtlige all
samtykke consent, agreement
sars cotton
Sars or 'sarses' is also called 'sakses' = fabric woven of Saxon wool.
sat smått i det was doing poorly
sat tungt i det "Had a hard time" or "difficult times" (related to the economical situation of the person(s) in mind)
sau sheep
sauehus sheep stalls
scibred (see "skipreide")
se to see
se også refer to
seg oneself, himself, herself
seg selv in itself
segni (see "sagnet")(archaic)
seieren the victor
seil sail
seile to sail
seilboat sailboat
seildukmaker canvasmaker
seilmager sailmaker
seilte sailed
seinare (see "senere") (nn)
sekretær secretary
seks six
seksten sixteen
sekstende sixteenth
seksti sixty
sekstiende sixtieth
selde (see "selgde") (nn)
selgde sold
selge sell
seljefløyte willow flute or willow pipe (see also "fløyte")
How to make Seljefølyte
selv self
selveier owner, freeholder, se also Norwegian farms - some background information
selveier
selvejer (see "selveier")
selvmord suicide
senere later
seng bed
sengeliggende bedridden
separeret separated
september September
sereige (see "Særeie") (nn)
sersjant sergeant
seter summer cabin with grazing land in the mountains,
sia later on, there after (nn)
side page, side
sidehus side house
siden since, later
sidenummer page number
sielffuer (see "seg selv")
siktebrød Norwegian Rye bread
sild herring
sildaeventyret herringadventure
sildearbeide herring processing, packing, salting etc
silingsbøtter milk buckets
sin, sitt, sine his, hers, its
sindelag disposition, temper, perperament, sentiment, opinion
sinnskrise nervous breakdown
sindsvag (see "sinnsvak") (archaic)
sinnsvak insane, retarded
sinnsyk mentally ill, mad
sinnsykehus insane saylum, madhouse
sinnssykasyl (see "sinnsykehus")
sinssyk lunatic
sirs cotton
siselørlærling engraver apprentice
siste last, latter
siste olje last rites
sidstnævntes last mentioned
sidstenæmntes (see "sidstnævntes")
sivstand (see "sivilstand")
sivilstand marital status (g=married; ug=unmarried/single; e=widow/er)
sjauer dockhand or worker, longshoreman or stevedor
sjef chief, manager
sjeleregistrer early parish register
sjette sixth
sjo (see "sjø") also for other word starting with "sjo"
sjokadett (see "sjøkadett")
sju (see "syv") (nn)
sjuende seventh
sjuk (see "syk") (nn)
sjukdom (see "sykdom") (nn)
sjuårskrigen the seven year long (1563-1570) inter Nordic war between Sweden and
the countries of Norway-Denmark, Poland and Lübeck. A peace treaty
was signed at Stettin in 1570. Sweden had occupied Jemtland and
Herjedalen (Norway), while Norway-Denmark took Alvsborg (Sweden).
Sweden had to return their occupations and cede Gotland and pay ransom
for Alvsborg.
sjø sea, lake
sjøaure salmon trout
sjøbruk (see "havbruk")
sjøfarende sea faring, seaman, sailor
sjøfart navigation shiping
sjøfløyte (see "fløyte")
sjøfolk seaman
sjøforklaring maritime declaration
sjøgang heavy sea
sjøhus quayside room
sjøkadett naval cadet
sjøkaptein captain on a vessel
sjøl (see "selv")
sjømand (see "sjømann")
sjømands..... (see "sjømanns...")
sjømann sailor, seaman
sjømannshjem sailorshome
sjømannskirke seamens's church
sjømerke seamark, beacon, navigation mark, buoy
sjømil nautical mile
sjøorm seaserpent
sjøreise voyage
sjørett maritime court
sjøslaget the naval battle
sjå (see "se")
might also be a small house (nn)
sjåfør driver
skaffar (see "skaffer")
skaffer to provide for, obtain
skal shall, must
skalk outside slice, first cut (of a loaf)
bowler hat
skalke batten down the hatches
skalkeskjul blind, cover
skall shell, test
skalp scalp
skalpell scalper, scalpel (med.)
skamfere spoil, damage
skarlangensfeber scarlet fever
skarp scrap
skarpretter executioner, hangman
skarpskytter sharpshooter
skatt tax
you have paid tax for each payment from your employer (he send it to
the authorities) after a table made up by the goverment the year before.
on yuor taxreturn it will show if this prepayment is Ok, or less or to
high, then you either get a bill for the rest (3 weeks to pay or a nice
payback with a low interest (do not save your money here!)
skatt og avgift tax and duty/fee
skattefut tax collector, (the) taxman
skatteinnkreving tax collection
skattelister tax registers, taxation roll
Skattemanntall census like listing of persons subjected to pay taxes
skattematrikkel written tax roll, register
skatteregel tax rule
skattesats tax rate
skattetakst valuation of property for rating purposes
skaut headscarf, square, kerchief
skautut with a white head (about manimals)
skeiser (see "skjøyter")
skemaker (see "skjemaker") (archaic)
skib (see "skip") (archaic)
skibsfører ship's captain (archaic)
skieløber (see "skiløper")
skifte Norwegian skifter -- Probate Records (John Follesdal) by John Follesdal
change
skifteattest certificate of probate
skiftebøker probate protocols
skifteprotokoll probate record book / estate inventory
skifterettsdommer probate judge
skifteretten probate court
skiftesamling meeting of all heirs and beneficiaries
skiftetvist probate action
skild (see "skilt")
skilde divorce, partition, subdivide
skille to divorce, partition, subdiviede
skilling old currency, see Old measurements
skilsmisse divorce
skilt divorced
skilting signposting
skiløper infantry soldier on skis
skip ship, vessel
skipreide military district (archaic)
skipper skipper, master mariner
skipperborger shippmaster and citezen, belonging to a social layer above the working class
skipsbygger ship builder
Skipsopplysningsregister = Ship Supply Information Register
skipstømmermann carpenter onboad a ship
skjedde happened
skjemaker a man making spoons
skjorte shirt
skjut mare
(see "Skaut")
skjønnsforretning appraisal, valuatio
skjønnsretten the appraisal or valuation court
skjøte deed (property) (nn)
skjøyta (see "skøyte")
skjøyte ice skates
(see "skjøte")
boat, read fiskeskjøte = fishingboat
sko shoes
skoemager (see "skomaker") (archaic)
skomager (see "skomaker")
skog forest
skogdrift forestry, forest management
skogholt grove, spinney
skogsarbeider limberjack, logger, forestworker
skogfut forest bailiff?
skoghogger (see "skogsarbeider")
skogridder forest manager
skogtømmer forest timber
skogvokter forester
skole school
skolebarn school child (student)
skolediscipel pupil
skoledistrict (see "skoledistrikt")
skoledistrikt school district
skoleholder schoolmaster, teacher
in early times, the owner of the place where the school was held.
skolekorps school's marching band
skolemester schoolmaster
skolestue the small building used for school
skolestyre schoolboard
skomager (see "skomaker") (archaic)
skomagerdreng shoemaker apprentice
skomagersvend (see "skomakersvenn")
skomaker shoemaker
skomakermester master shoemaker
skomakersvenn shomaker journeyman
skoskatt in 1711 shoe tax
skoten (see "skutt")
skov (see "skog")
skovarbeider (see "skogsarbeider")
skovhugger (see "skogsarbeider") (archaic)
skovvokter (see "skogvokter"
skovridder (see "skogridder")
skrabhandler (see "skraphandler")
skraeder (see "skredder") (archaic)
skraedder (see "skredder")
skraphandler scrapdeale in junk metals, etc
skredder tailor
skreddersvend apprentice tailor
skreppe bag, knapsack
(about girls) bird, piece, bint
skreppehandel pedlary
skreppekar pedlar, peddler
skriftlige written
skriftlig writing
skrin small chest
skrivekar (see "kontorist") (archaic)
skriver scribe (writer)
skrædder (see "skredder") (archaic)
Skrædderm. (see "skreddermester)
skræddemester (see "skreddermester")
skreddermester master tailor
skræddersvend (see "skreddersvend")
skude (see "skute")
skyds (see "skyss") (archaic)
skudsmålsbog servant's conduct book
skuld (see "skyld") (archaic)
skulle should
skurekone cleaning woman
skuronne the harvest time
skute small ship
skutt shot
skyld debt
tax, (especially real estate tax, see "landskyld")
a measure for evaluation of ground, and this is the explanation for the word "skylddeling".
skylddeling (land) survey (in USA?)
skylddalar tases owed in "dalar"
skyldfri (about property) unencumbered
innocent, blameless, guiltless, chaste, pure
debtless, free from debt
skyldmark taxes owed in "mark"
skyldsatt appraised and split of from anothere property - and given a realative value in the land registry system
skyldsetning taxation, assessment
skyldskap relationship
skyldspørsmål question of guilt
skynde på noen hustle el. hurry somebody
skynde seg hurry
skynde seg å hasten to, lose no time in -ing
skyss conveyance (transport of travellers by horse or boat)
skysset henne av sted they bundled her off
skyssgodtgjørelse travel allowace
skysshest post-horse
skysspenger fare
skyss-skaffar a person who provides for transport/conveyance
skysstasjon posting station, posting inn, coaching inn
skyssvogn stagecoach, post chaise
skyte shoot
skærpedes is sharpened
skøyte boat
(see "skjøte")
skate
skøytebok register of transfers of ownership of real estate
skålgrop cup hole
skårunge the first year boys in the Lofoten fisheries
slag blow
stroke, apolectic stroke
military battle
slagbenk bench which opens into a bed (Haugen)
slagter (see "slakter")
slakt meat, slaughtered animals
slakte to butcher
slakter butcher
slarv idle gossip, tattle
slarva ut did not take care of their property
slave a prisoner sentenced to hard labour
slave
slegfreddatter extramatarial daughter.
slekt relatives, family, lineage
slekten the family, lineage
slektninger relatives
slektsforskning genealogy
slektsgren branch, line of a family
slektshistorie family history
lineage books
slektsnavn family name, surname
slektsvåpen family coat of arms
slik thus, in this way
slott castle, palace
slottsmenight the parish associated with the castle area
slyng loop, winding, turn
slægten (see "slekten") (archaic)
slægtfred slegfred
slå thrash, beat, flog
slå ihjel kill
slått mowing hay
slotten the haying (cutting, mowing); the hayfield
slåttonn mowing season
smaabruk (see "småbruk") (archaic)
smaafæ (see "småfe") (archaic)
smak taste
smale (see "sau")
smed blacksmith
smedlærling blacksmith apprentice
smedmester master blacksmith
smie forge, smithy
smykke jewelry, jewellery, ornament, piece of jewelry
smør butter
smørambarar buttercups
småfe usually means calves, sheep and goats
but used as a common term for cloven-hoofed animals
småbruk small farm
småbruker a farmer of a small farm
småkrøtter (see "småfe")
småkveg (see "småfe")
snart soon
snarrådig rsourcefull
snedker (see "snekker")
snedker for egen regningself-employed cabinet maker
snekker (funiture-) cabinetmaker, (timber-)carpenter, (house-) joiner
snikkar (see "snekker")
snøskred avalanche
snædker (see "snekker")
sofarende (see "sjøfarende")
soga (see "historie") n.n.
soge (see "historie") n.n.
sogn subparish, see The Norwegian Church
A ecclesiastical district of administration, headed by a curate.
sogneprest subparish priest
A rector is the head of a parish (prestegjeld) and a senior official (subordinated a bishop).
sokn (see "sogn") (archaic)
sokneprest (see "sogneprest") (archaic)
Solbær-syltetøy Black currant - jam
sols sieve (?) for barley, a throe with small holes in it
soldat soldier
soldat i borgerkrigen soldier in the Civil war
soldag u.k. soldier under command
solgt sold
soleis (see "slik")
som who, which, that
som det sig sømmede which was appropriate, suitable (for a person of her social class)
somand (see "sjømann")
sommer summer
son (see "sønn") (archaic)
sonnedatter (see "sønnedatter")
sonneson (see "sønnesønn")
Sonnesøs grandchild
sorenskriver magistrate, probate judge, see Norwegian skifter -- Probate Records (John Follesdal)
sort black
sose bort blunder away
sosialkurator social worker, welfare officer
sosialsjef director of social services
spann bucket (old measurement) (18 kg of butter)
team of horses, oxes, dogs
spannsteigflekket a patch of land that would pay 1 spann,annual land rent.
spanskesjuka (see "spankesyken")
spanskesyken Spanish flu
sparke to kick
spark (see "sparkstøtting")
sparkstøtting chair sledge
spebarn infant, baby
spedalsk leprous
spedkalv (see "spekalv")
spekalv sucking calfs
spekekjøtt hung beef
spekelår mutton ham
spekelår mutton ham
spekemat cured meat, dried meat
spekesild salt herring
spenne buckle, clasp
stretch, strain, tighten, strap
speciedaler old currency, see Old measurements before 1875
spillemann musician, fiddler
spillesykja leprosy
spinderiarbeider spinning mill worker
spinderske (see "spinnerske")
spinding (see "rokk")
spinnerske femal spinner
spisestue dining room
spiseværet (see " spisevært")
spisevært landlord, host of a dinner establishment, eating house keepe
spiskam (see "spiskammer")
spiskammer pantry, larder
spiseskje tablespoon
tablespoonful (measure)
sprit alcohol
språk language
ss abbr. for "spiseskje"
st. abbr. for "Student"
stabbur storehouse on pillars
tabburet the storehouse
stad town
stader (see steder")
stadfest If this occur in connection with a baptism, it tells that the child has first been bapt at home,
most probably because the child was very ill and in danger of dying, and a month later the child
baptism was confirmed by the minister in church in a special ceremony. This still happens sometimes,
you know. Sometimes new-born babies are baptized in hospital, too, if there are complications.
Stadthauptmand every city of some size had a socalled "borgergarde" - citizens military corps. The Stadthauptmand was its commanding officer
stald (see "stald")
staldkarl stall groom
stall barn, stable, usually a (horse)stable
stamfar progenitor
stamgods inherited property/estate
stamrulle basic list used by the militay to adjust their own liste over possible soldiers, bassed on list from the church
stamtavle descendancy chart, ancestry table
stand social position
Start med bilde nr start with picture number
stasjonsmester station master el. manager (at the raiload)
staten the national government
statsarkivet National archives
statsbanene (see "NSB")
statsborgerskap citizenship
statsminister prime minister
stattholder governor, viceregent
staup drinking cup, goblet
smørstaup
staut kar fine fellow, stalwart fellow
stavafabrikken stave factory
stavkirke stave church
stebarn step child
stebror step brother
sted place, location
steder places, locations
stedatter stepdaughter
stedsnavn name of location
stefar step father
stefne (see "Stevne")
stefning (see "stevning")
stefnemaal
stenarbeider (see "steinarbeider")
steinarbeider stoneworker
steler for .... (see "steller for ...")
steller for ..... keeps house for ......
stenarbeider stone quarry worker
stenhugger (see "steinhogger")
steinbrot (see "steinbrudd")
steinbrudd stone quarry, quarry
steinhogger stone cutter
steinsetjingar (see "steinsetting")
steinsetting pavement, stone pitching, riprap
stemets certain quaity of silk
stemmeberettiget qualified to vote
stemor step mother
stervboe (see "dødsbo") might be done as a connection to the German word "sterben" = to die
stesønn step son
stesøster step sister
stevning summons
stevne summon
stevnemøte to make a date
stevnemål suit
stevnevitne process-server, bailiff
stifdatter (see "stedatter")
stifson (see "stesønn")
stiffson (see "stesønn")
stiffsøn (see "stesønn")
stift diocese (archaic)
There is more than one church in a parish and more
than one parish in a stift.
A higher level in the Lutheran organization.
Stiftskriver an official ("embetsmann") of whom there was one in every len or (after 1660) amt.
His job was to control or keep track of the church wardens ("kirkeverge") of whom there
was one in evety parish. The church wardens handled the properties and incomes of the churches.
stifterlseslem a person that receive supprt from a "stiftelser"
stiftelse a foundation, probably local, established by some wealthy person or diocese to aid the poor and ill
stiger forman of mineres
stilling status, position, occupation
stipendium scholarship
stiv heks (grandmother's footsteps (game)
stokkfisk (see "tørrfisk")
stor large
storfe cattle
storkveg cattle (nn)
storlevande (see "Storfe")
stormoppslag
stort konjakkglass (se "drink")
stova (see "stue")
stove small house or cottage where the people is living(nn)
stovehus The house where people is living
straebsom (see "strevsom")
straff punishment
straffange prisoner
straks right away, immediately
strand beach
strandsidd (see "strandsitter")
strandsitjarar (see "strandsitter")
strandsitter person who rented a house on a larger farm near or at
the coastline, see also "husmann"
strev toil, labor
strevsom hardworking
stridighed (see "stridighet")
stridighet stubborness, willfulness. conflict, dispute, controversy
stridt difficult
strikking knitting
strubehoste (see "strupehoste")
strupehoste croup
strygerske ironer, female
strykepike ironing (laundry) maid
stræbsom (see "strevsom")
stubbebryter stump puller
student student
stue a small house
a room in the house, living room
stuepike parlourmaid, housemaid (in a home)
chambermaid (at a hotel)
stugu (see "stue")
stum mute (can't speak)
stykkson (see "stesønn")
stykson (see "stesønn")
stuttmål (see "korthet") (nn)
stygg ugly (look like)
bad, nasty, ugly, foul (behave)
styrer ruler, director
styrmand (see "stymann")
styrmann ships mate
stæedatter (see "stedatter")
støbe (see "støpe")
støber (see "støper")
støper (see "støperiarbeider")
støberiarbeider (see "støperiarbeider")
støpe casting or concrete (often metal in a foundary)
støperiarbeider foundryworker, foundryman
støl (see "seter")
største largest
støype (see " støpe") (nn)
står stands
står skrevet to be written
sukker sugar
summa (Latin) totals
summarisk statistical, summary
surrekopp buzzhead, "muddle-headed" or restless kid
susselsat (see "sysselsatt")
svartbrune black-brown, dark brown
svartkinn black cheek
svartflekket black spotted
svag (see "svak")
svak weak
svakhet weakness
svart black
svend (see "svenn")
svenn journeyman
svensk Swedish
Sverige Sweden
svigerdatter daughter-in-law
svigerfader (see "svigerfar")
svigerfar father-in-law
svigerforeldre father-in-law and mother-in-law
svigerinne sister-in-law
svigermoder (see "svigermor")
svigermor mother-in-law
svigersønn son-in-law
svin pig
svoger brother-in-law
svulst tumor
svær large
sy to sow
syd south
sydlig southern
syerske seamstress
syfilis syphilis
syg (see "syk")
sygebesøg (see "sykebesøk")
sygehuus (see "sykehus")
sygehuuslem hospital patient
sygepleierske (see "sykepleierske")
syk sick
sykdom disease, illnes
sykebesøk sick call
sykehus hospital
sykepleier nurce
sykepleierske nurce (female)
syklig sickly
synte thought
synet the eyesight, the ability to see
sypige (see "sypike") (archaic)
sypike seamstress
syskenbarn cousins (nn)
sysselsatt med employed at
syster (see "søster") (nn)
sytten seventeen
syttende seventeenth
sytti seventy
syttiende seventieth
syv seven
syvende seventh
sængeliggende (see "sengeliggende")
særtrekk special facial feature
distinctive characteristics
Særeie Separate estate/property
særtrykk off print
sæter (see "seter")
søen (see "sjø")
søfarende (see "sjøfarende")
søfartsbok seafaring book
søger seeks
søk i bikdearkivet seek in picture archive
søkeord seek-word (key word)
sølv silver
sølvbeslag silver mounting
sølvstandard silverstandard
sølvvaerksarb (see "sølvverksarbeider")
sølvverksarbeider silver smelter worker
sølveigar farmer who owns his own farm, i.e. does not lease it (nn)
sølvmark silvermark (in 1522 we can use the valur of "landskyld" - in some partof Norway - one mark silver would buy 6 to eight cows, while 8 marks would be the price of a nice farm)
sømand (see "sjømann")
søn (see "sønn") (archaic)
søndag Sunday
søndre southern
søner (see "sønner") plural of "sønn"
sønn son
sønne kjæreste The son's wife-to-be, but not yet married in church
sønnedatter son's daughter
sønner sons
sønnesøn son's son
sør south
sørgrense southern border
søsken siblings
søslaget (see "sjøslaget")
sødskende (see "søsken")
søskenbarn niece, first cousin (female or male)
søskenbarnet the first cousin
søster sister
søsterdatter sister's daughter, cousins
søstersønn sister's son, cousins
søvverksarbei (see "sølvverksarbeider")
så saw (see), so, if so,
sow (seed)
sådan such
såkalt so called
såkurv sowing basket
således thus, in this or that
såsom as, such as
såvidt as far as
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
T__________
T. abbr. for "tellingssted" or "tellingskrets"
tste abbr. for "tjeneste"
ta to take
tages is/are taken
tab (see "tap")
tak roof
takk thank you
takk for maten is what everyone is supposted to say after a meal, and the host(ess) or the mother or whoever made the food, answers "vel bekomme"
takksigelse thanksgiving
takst rated value
tale speech
tall number, count
tallet, 1800-tallet centure, 19th century etc
talrig (see "tallrik")
tallrik numerous
tambur drummer (soldier)
tann toth
tannlege dentist
tannlæge (see "tannlege")
tanntekniker dental mechanic
tante aunt
tarm bowel, gut, intestine
tarmslyng volvulus
tap loss
tapperhet courage
tatt the perfect participle form of the Norwegian verb 'ta' or 'take', which means 'take' in English
tatt av snøskred taken in avalanche
taus quiet
tautrekking means a tug-of-war, in other words a conflict
teglverk brickworks
teglbrander (see "teglbrænder)
teglbrænder brick/tile burner and refers to one who tends the firing of bricks.
tegnebok scetching book
Tegning Drawing
teig field on a farm
teksel (see "bøkkerøks")
teksle (see "bøkkerøks")
tekstil textile
tekstilarbeider textile worker
tekstilingeniør textile engineer
tekstilarbeider textile worker at the warehouse
tele ground frost, frozen soil, frozen ground, frost, ice
telefon telephone
telegrafverket (see "televerket")
telegrafist telegraphist, telegraph operator
televerktet phonecompany in Norway, now named as Telenor
tellinga literally means counting, but probably means census here.
tellingstedet location of census, enumeration place
tellingskrets location of census, enumeration place
telthus telt house
tenestejenta (see "tjenestejente")
terne housemaid
testamente last will
testamentere bequeath
tettsted community / densely populated area
is a town-like place which does not qualify to be called a "by" in Norwegian.
may consist of only a few houses, but still be considered as a sort of centre by
people who live in the area.
is also used about places like Sunndalsøra (pop. ca 5000), Orkanger (ca 4000),
and Meråker (ca 2000), to mention a few.
Americans (the ones I know, anyway) seem to call these places (small) towns.
In Norway, a "tettsted" is part of a "kommune" - municiplaity - it is not a separate unit.
texel (see "bødkerøks")
Sheep from the Nederland
ti ten
tid time
tidlig early
tidligere eralier, prior
tidsperiode period of time
tidsskrift periodical
tiend tithing, one tenth of ones's income or harvest, payable to the church
tiende tenth, tithing
tiener (see "tjener")
tienestedreng (see "tjenestedreng")
tienestepige (see "tjenestepike")
tigger beggar
til to, until, for
til sjøs at sea
tilbage (see "tilbake")
tilbake back, stay
tilbakestående mental retarded
tilbringe spend one's time
tilgang access, approach, admissions
tilgjengelig assessible
tilhøre belong to
tilhøve condition
tillatelse dispensation, permission
tillegge ascribe to, attribute to, assign to
tillit confidence
tillysnings dagene days banns were read
tilreisende visitor
tilsett ved (see "ansatt ved")
tilsist behind, last, at the end, finally
tilstede present
tilsynsmand supervisor
tilstedeværende present
tilsøs (see "til sjøs")
tilvekst growth of some kind
time hour
timmermand (see "tømmermann")
tine round or oval bentwood box, with handle on lid, which is closed by being pressed
between two upright pieces of wood, Pine bentwood box
melting
ting thing; legislative or judicial assembly (local, regional or national)
tingbøker protocols from local meeting of juridical importance
tinglag judicial district
tinglyse public announcement of the existence of a written contract, prior to the contract being copied into the 'tingbok' - a book containing copies of such publicly announced documents.
The past tense of tinglyse is tinglyst. The Tingbok is a very important source for Norwegian genealogy research.
tingprovet evidence at court
tinnknapper pewter buttons
tippe do the pools, gjette
tippoldefar great-great-grandfather
tippoldemor great-great-grandmother
tippoldeforeldre great-great-grandparents
tirsdag Tuesday
titel (see "tittel") (archaic)
tittel title
tiur wood grous
tj. (see "tjener" or "tjenestedreng" or "tjenestepige")
tjene serve, work, earn
tjener servant, waiter
tjenerskatt in 1711 servant tax
tjeneste service
tjenestedreng servant, employe (male)
tjenestefolk servants, eiter domestic or hired hands
tjenesteforseelse service misconduct
tjenestegut (see "tjenestegutt")
tjenestegutt young male servant
tjenesteiver eagerness to serve
tjenestekarl male employee
tjenestekone female servant
tjenestejente young femal servant, maid
tjenestepige (see "tjenestepike")
tjenestepike servant, employee, maid (female), housemaid
tjenestequinde servant (female)
tjenestgjorde served
tjente served, earned
tjue (tyve) twenty
tjueen twenty-one
tjuefem twenty-five
tjuefire twenty-four
tjuende twentieth
tjueni twenty-nine
tjueseks twenty-six
tjuesju twenty-seven
tjueto twenty-two
tjuetre twenty-three
tjueåtte twenty-eight
to two
to i spann two in tow
toetasjers two story (building9
tohundre two-hundred
tok took
told (see "toll")
Toldrorskarl man who rowed the boat(s) for the custom service. The custom service always had
boats and rowers ready to get fast out and inspect the ships coming into harbour
(before they could bring anything ashore).
toll customs
tollbetjent customs officer
tollekniv sheath knife
tollverket customs department
tolv twelve
tolvte twelfth
tommar (see "tommer")
tommer inches
tommermand (see "tømmermann")
tomt lot (of land)
tomtearbeider working at building sites
tomansbruk a semi-detached farm, perhaps owned by a single individual,
but used simultaneously by two different farmers
torp common ending of farm and village names (swedish), se also Swedish dictionary
torsdag Thursday
tre three
the number three
wood
traevirke (see "trevirke")
traesliberiarbeider (see "tresliperiarbeider")
tran cod liver oil
tranbrænderi (see "tranbrenneri")
tranbrenneri
trau trough
tredde
tredje third
tredve thirty
trefningene the engagements
trekkegarn drawnet
Trekkspill Pictures and information about Trekkespill (Accordion family)
trelast load of lumber
trelastvirksomhed lumber firm
tremassefabrikk pulp factory
tremenning second cousins
trenagler wooden nail, wooden peg, wooden pin (used for fastening planks)
treskjemaskin threshing machine
treskje thresh, threshing
spoon made of wood
tresko Wooden shoes
tresliperi pulp mill
tresliperiarbeider a worker in a pulp mill
tretten thirteen
trettende thirteenth
tretti thirty
trettien thirty-one
trevarer wooden items
treverk things made out of tree
trevirke woodworking
trol. (see "trolovelse")
trolig probably
trollat to be mischievous
trollpakk pack of trolls
naughty children
trollskap witchcraft
trolove betroth, engage
trolovelse betrothment, engagement
(This is a public announcement (in church) of betrothal was a legal requirement. Without it you
could not marry. I think thies lasted untill late 1800 or even early 1900's.)
trolovet (see "forlovet")
trosbekjennelse creed
trossamf (abbreviation for " Trossamfund")
trossamfunn religious belief
trulig (See "trolig") (nn)
træsliberi (see "tresliperi")
træsliberiearbeider (see "tresliperiarbeider")
trædreier wood turner (as with a lathe)
træfningerne (see "trefningene")
Træfningen ved ... the military action at ...
træk to draw
træsliberi pulp mill
Trønder a native of Trøndelag
trøye jacket, vest
trådte stepped over
tuberkulose tuburculosis, consumption
tuft site, homestead
tugthus (see "tukthus") (archaic)
tukthus prison
tulft old currency, see Old measurements
tungarbeid heavy work
tunet the courtyard
tusen thousand
tuskhandel barter
tusle patter, walk gently
tuslede weak, shaky
tusmørke dusk, twilight
tussefløyte (see "fløyte")
tvangsfange prisoner (at hard labor)
tvangsarbeide hard labor, forced labor
tvende twain, the same as two (archaic)
tvilling twin
tyende female servant (archaic)
tyfus typhoid fever
typograf typograher
tysk German
Tyskland Germany
tyv thief
tyve twenty
tyvende twentieth
tæle (see "tele")
tændestik fyrstikker (danish)
tæring galloping tuberculosis, which brought the death very fast
tømmer lumber, timber
tømmerarbeider worker on lumber
tømmerbygning timberhouse
tømmerflaader (see "tømmerfløter")
tømmerfløyter (see "tømmerfløter")
tømmerfløter log driver, riverd river
tømmerfløting river driving of logs
tømmerhugger logger
tømmermand (see "tømmermann")
tømmermann carpenter, framer, timber cruiser
tømmerstova (see "tømmerstuen")
tømmerstuen log cabin, house
tønne barrel
tønnefabrikk barrel factory
tønnestavar barrel staves.
tørke drought
tørrfisk usual cod, dried in open air without salt, usual hung on "hjeller"
tæring tuberculosis
tå from (nn)
toe
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
U__________
u.e. (see "utenfor ekteskap") (abbr.)
ue (see "utenfor ekteskap") (abbr.)
ug. (see "ugift") (abbr.)
udfl. bet (see "udflytning betalt") (abbr.)
u-schichelighet (see "uskikkelighet")
uaegte (see "uekte")
uagtet (see "uaktet")
uaktet notwithstanding
uden (see "uten")
udi from, in (archaic)
udflytning betalt emigration fee paid
udflyttede moved out
udføre (see "utføre")
udgivet (see "utgitt")
udholde (see "utholde")
udlæggelser explanations
udnævnt (see "utnevnt")
Udskiftningsformand a supervisor of estate distribution. Was usually a
man that was highly respected. He and two others made a suggestion how to
join small divided piece of land into a bigger unit. He had to bear in mind
that no one should loose on such a merging. At last he had to negotiate a
solution that all the farmers could approve.
udslått grassy piece of the outlying field
udtraadt mostly "gone out " of the congregation, presumably the Norwegian State Church
udtraadt samfund withdrawn from society (church)
udtraadte outgoing (member going out of the Lutheran church), the persons have renounced their memberships
udyktig incapable
udygtigheds pas passport of disability (literally), documentat showing that he was unfit for mlitary service
udøpt unbaptized
uekte (see "utenfor ekteskap")
uaegtefodte (see "utenfor ekteskap")
uff-da a weak fit of ill temper
uforfærdede fearless
uforvarende unexpectedly, unawares, accidentally, inadvertently
ufør crippled
ug. abbr. for "ugift" (abbr.)
uge (see "uke") (archaic)
uger (see "uker") (archaic)
ugift single, not married
uhuglege tilburden unpleasant event
uhrmager (see "urmaker")
uk. (see "ungkar") (abbr.)
uke week
uker weeks
ukjent unknown, foreign
uld (see "ull")
uldvare (see "ullvare")
ulendt difficult to traver, rugged, pathless, trackless
ulovlig illegal
ulykke accident
ulykkelig unhappy
ull wool
ullvare products of wool
ullvarefabrikk woollen goods factory, woollen mill
umoralsk immoral
umyndig under legal age
under under, below
under miracle. marvel, wonder
underfor under lining
underholde support, maintain
entertain
underlig strange/odd/peculiar
underofficerskole non-commissioned officer
underskrevne the undersigned
underskrift signature
underskrive to sign
understøttes (see "underholde")
understøttelse support, aid, assistance
undertegne to sign
undertegnet signed
undertoldbetjent customs officer (of lower rank)
undervisningsmetodikken methode of education
undlate (see "unnlate")
ung young
ungdommsskole school, starts at 13; grades 8 thorught 10
uk (see "ungkar")
ungk (see "ungkar")
ungkar bachelor, unmarried man
ungkarl (see "ungkar") (archaic)
unnlate feoø. neglect, omit
unntatt except
ur watch
urmaker watch-maker
uskikkelighet naughtiness, improper
uskyldig innocent
ussel miserable, poor
usømmelig indecent
ut out
utanriks (see "utenriks")
utarma worn out, improverished
utdannelse education
Utdannelse i Norge Education in Norway
utdrag extract
utdø extinct, die out
utdødd extinct, died out
uten without
utenfor outside of
utenfor ekteskap out of wedlock, illegitimate, child born outside the marriage (church)
utenlands abroad
utenom outside, on the outside, round, outside of
utenomekteskaplig out of wedlock
utenriks foreign
utenpåskrift outside address
utflytning moving out
utflytte move out from
utflyttede moving from an area(moving out)
utgiftene expenses
utkommd (see "utkommandert")
utkommandert called up, mobilized; called out (soldier)
utmeldte resigning or withdrawing (in churchbook)
utedo outhouse
pit privy (with a hole in the ground)
utføre perform, do
utgi publish
utgitt published, edited
utholde endure
uthus outhouse, outbuilding
uti at, in
utlagt named as, alleged
utlandet foreign country, abroad
utlignet skatt assessed tax
utlose (see "utløse")
utløse redeem
start, provoke, release
utnevnt appointed
utraat (see "udtraadt samfund")
utpreget emphatically
utskilt partitioned/divided from
utskriftsformat printer friendly form
utstrykning (see "overstrykning")
utukt lechery, fornication
utv. (see "utvandret") (abbr.)
utvalg committee
selection
utvandre emigrate
utvandrer emigrant
utvandret emigrated
utvandret senere emigrated later on
utvandring emigration
utvandringsprotokoll emigrant regoster
uvett folly, unwisdom
utviklingshemmet mentally retarded
utvise expel, send out, order out
show, display
uvær bad weather, storm
utyske monster
uønsket unwanted, unwished for, undesirable
uægte (see "uekte") (archaic)
uår bad year, crop failure
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
V__________
vaabenarb (see "våpenarbeider")
vaaningshus (sse "våningshus")
vad fishing gear, ie fishline, seine
what
vadmel thick homespun and woven wool cloth (for skirts and trousers)
vadmelskjol homespun dress (suit)
vadskepige (see "vaskepiker")
vadtræk the way to draw the net in fishing
vakre beautifull, handsome
vaksinasjon vaccination, inoculation
vaksinasjonsattest certificate of vaccination, vaccination certificate
vaksinasjonsprotokoll vaccination register
vaksinert vaccinated
vaksne (see "voksne")
vanfør crippled, disabled
vanlegaste the usual
vann water, lake
vanningsanlegg a construction for spreding the water on the fields
vanskapt deformed, handicapped
vanskeligstilte people with large problem
vansott dropsy
vanvare accidentally
vanvittig insane, mad, deranged, foolish
var was, were
var strøket over i KB deleted in the churchbook
vart was (nn)
vaskehus a local and private lundry
vaskekone cleaner, charwoman, cleaning woman
vaskepike a cleaning girl/woman, girl who works at a lundry, maid
vaskeriarbeider laundry worker
vatningsanlegg (see "vanningsanlegg")
vattersot (see "vansott")
vdj (see "udi") (archaic)
ved at, by
firewood
ved siden av next to
ved "Syv Slet" at seven o'clock (archaic)
vedhugning (see "vedhugging")
vedhugging wood cutting, wood splitting, the chopping of logs for fire wood.
vedkommende person concerned
vegarbeidar (see "veiarbeider")
veger (see "veier")
veggklokke wall clock
vegvaktar (see "veivokter")
vegvokter (see "veivokter")
vej (see "vei")
vejarbeidar (see "veiarbeider")
vejarbeider (see "veiarbeider")
vei road
veiarbeider roadworker, one who was building or repairing roads
veivokter roadman. He is looking after a certain part of the road.
veier roads
vekse opp grow up (nn)
veldig very
vel bekomme you are welcome, is a standard reply to "takk for maten"
velsigne bless
velsignet blessed, confounded, wonderful, heavenly
velstand prosperity
velvilligheten the benevolence, friendsliness, goodwill
venn friend
vennskap friendship
venstre left (side)
verbror brother in law (nn)
verdotter daughter in law (nn)
verdsett valued
verdslig temporal, secular, worldly, mundane
verdslige makt (den - ) the secular power
veret (see "været")
verfar (see "svigerfar")nn
verge guardian
verit (see "var")
verksarbeidar Worker on a factory
verkseier factory owner
verkstad (see "verksted")
verksted workshop, repair shop, works
vermor (see "svigermor") nn
verneplikt military duty
verson (se "svigersønn") nn
versøster sister in law (nn)
vertshus inn, guesthouse
vesener creatures, beings
vest west
waistcoat
vester (see "vestre")
vestre western
veterinær veterinary sugeon, veterniarian (US)
vever weaver
veveriarbeider Worker in a weaving factory
vevsje reed
vesjemaker Weave-spool maker
vi we
vi er glad på dine vegne We are very happy for you
vidare (see "videre")
videre further
videregående skole school, starts at 16; grades 1 thorught 3
vidne (see "vitne")
viede (see "viet")
vielse marriage, wedding
vielsesattest marriage certificate
viet married
vigd (see "viet")
vigelse marriage
vik bay, inlet
vikariater stand in for
viker coves, inlets
a receding hairline is called viker
yielding, giving way
retreating from an enemy
departing, leaving
drawing back, receding, retreating, flinching
stepping aside
vilkaar (see "vilkår")
vilkår a pension paid by a new owner of land to the former owner
("see also "kår")
villig willing
vinter winter
violin (see "fele")
visergutt errand boy
Visningsformat viewing format
vistnok surely
vite to know
vitne witness
testify
vitnesbyrd testimony
vogn carriage, wagon, vehicle
vognfabrikk wagon factory
vognhus car barn, buggy shed, wagon shed, house for wagons
vognmaker wagon maker
vognmand (see "vognmann")
vognmann coachman
vognfører ved Christiania could be Kristiania elektriske Sporvei; Christiania electric tram; they had " 18 vognførere " in 1894. In America it would be motorman at the Kristiania Electric Tram.
voksne adult
voldta rape
voldtekt rape
voldtatt raped
vor (see "vår")
værdig worthy
være be
væreier owner of a fishing station, the owner of the area around
været weather
værfader (see "svigerfar")
værge (see "verge") (archaic)
vært (see "var")
værvarsling weather forecast
væsener (see "vesener")
væveriarbeider (see "veveriarbeider")
våningshus the house on a farm where people live
våger old measurement
våpen coat of arms
weapon
våpenarbeider it means that the person made weapons or ammuniton, most likely in a factory
vår our
spring
våre felles aner our common ancestry
våronne the worktime at the farm in the spring
vårsildfiskeriene spring herring fisheries
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
W__________
W If you see a word starting with W, då also look for the same word starting with V
Welb. abbr. for Welbaarne
Welbaarne born well, iee born to parents of a "high calass". Ususal used a a title by nobility
Wisergut (see "visergutt")
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
X__________
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Y__________
ymse (also Annet) misc.
yndige charming, gracefull, lovely
yngre younger
yngst youngest
yngste klasse youngest class
yrke profession, occupation
ytterlegare (see "ytterligere") (NN)
ytterligere further
yttre (see "ytre")
ytre outer-most
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Z__________
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Æ__________
ægte legitimate (archaic)
ægtefødt legitimate birth
ægteskap (see "ekteskap")(archaic)
ægtefolk (see "ektefolk")
ægtefælle (see "ektefelle")
ægteviede married
aldste oldest (archaic)
ærbødig respectful
ære honor
æresbevisninger marks of repect
ærlig honest
ærnærer seg support himselves/herselves
ærnæring profession, making a living of.
ætt family
ancestors/family history/family tree
æti (see "ætten")
ætti (see "ætten")
ætten the family, lineage
ættegransking genealogy
atting relatives, heir
ættling heir
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Ø__________
øde desolate, waste
ødegard farm that was abandoned during the black death
ødelegge destroy
ødem vannansamling i kroppen grunnet bl a hjertesvikt, nyresykdom, også grunnet stoffskifte, langvarig hunger mm" (see "vattemsott")
ødemark wasteland, wilderness
øie (see "øye")
ønske wish, desire, want
ønskeplassen place of contemplation
øre ear
currency
øst east
østre eastern
østsiden east side
øvre upper
øverst top, upper, uppermost, topmost, supreme
øverste topmost
øvet trained, practiced, experienced, skilled, trained
øvrig remaining
øy island
øye eye
øye på catch sight of
øyeblikk moment, instant
øyk mare (female horse) (nn)
øyker mares (female horses) (nn)
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Æ Ø Å
Å__________
åbor perch
åleine (see "alene") (nn)
åker field
åkerland arable pang, plough land
åket (bringe under - ) subjugate
åkle bedspread, coverlet
ånd spirit, ghost
åndsarven spiritual heritage
åndsbrytingane spiritual awakening
åndsfraværende absent-minded, preoccupied
åndsfrisk alert, of sound mind
åndssvak mentally deficient, feeble minded
åpen open, exposed
år year
årehus smal, one-rom house with a small opening in the roof to let
out the smoke from the hearth.
åre heath (in use untill the mid- to late-1800 in many rural areas in Norway
åre oar
åremål term of years
åremålskontrakt employment contract for a term of years
årene the years
årene senere years following
årestue open-hearth room
årgang age group, year
århundre century
årleg (see "årlig") (nn)
årlig annual, yearly
årrekke in many years
årsak cause, reason
årsavgift annual fee
årstid season, time of the year
årsvekst the year's crop
Åsatru Old gods
åsete (see "åseterett")
åseterett qualified allodial right of inheritance
the right of one of the descendants of a dead owner of a farm have to take over the property at a reasonable price
åsetesrett primogeniture
åssen har du det (see "hvordan har du det")
åssen går det (see "hvordan har du det")
åssen går det med deg (see "hvordan har du det")
åsted where event took place
åtte owned (nn); he owned his car
åtte eight
Åtte dagers ur med kasse Eight day watch with case
åttende eighth
åtti eighty
åttiede eightieth
åttringsbåt a boat with 4 pairs of oars.
Numbers_________________________
In Norwegian genealogical sources, numbers are occasionally written out.
This is especially common with dates.
the following list gives the cardinal (1,2,3) and the ordinal ( 1st, 2nd, 3rd)
versions of each number.
Cardinal Ordinal
0 null
1 en, et 1st, først
2 to 2nd, annen
3 tre 3rd, tredje
4 fire 4th, fjerde
5 fem 5th, femte
6 seks 6th, sjette
7 sju (syv) 7th, sjuende, (syvende)
8 åtte 8th, åttende
9 ni 9th, niende
10 ti 10th, tiende
11 elleve 11th, ellevte
12 tolv 12th, tolvte
13 tretten 13th, trettende
14 fjorten 14th, fjortende
15 femten 15th, femtende
16 seksten 16th, sekstende
17 sytten 17th, syttende
18 atten 18th, attende
19 nitten 19th, nittende
20 tjue 20th, tjuende, (tjvende)
21 tjueen 21st, tjueførst
22 tjueto 22nd, tjueannen
23 tjutre 23rd, tjuetredje
24 tjuefire 24th, tjuefjerde
25 tjuefem 25th, tjuefemte
26 tjueseks 26th, tjuesjette
27 tjuesju 27th, tjuesjuende
28 tjueåtte 28th, tjueåttende
29 tjueni 29th, tjueniende
30 tretti (tredve) 30th, trettiende
31 trettien 31st, trettiførst
40 førti 40th, førtiende
50 femti 50th, femtiende
60 seksti 60th, sekstiende
70 sytti 70th, syttiende
80 åtti 80th, åttiende
90 nitti 90th, nittiende
100 hundre 100th, hundrede
200 tohundre 200th, tohundrede
1000 tusen 1000th, tusende
DATES AND TIME __________________________________________
Use the terms in this section and the "Numbers" section above to interpret dates.
MONTHS DAYS
English Norsk English Norsk
January januar Sunday søndag
February februar Monday mandag
March mars Tuesday tirsdag
April april Wednesday onsdag
May mai Thursday torsdag
June juni Friday fredag
July juli Saturday lørdag
August august
September september
October oktober
November november
December desember